Estimating WAIS IQ from the shipley institute of living scale using continuously adjusted age norms

Zachary, Robert A.; Paulson, Morris J.; Gorsuch, Richard L.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198511)41:6<820::aid-jclp2270410616>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 106 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The ability to monitor and inhibit responses (one aspect of executive function) was measured using the interference score of the Stroop task [27]. A measure of general intellectual functioning was assessed using the Shipley Institute of Living Scale [28]; scores on this scale were used to estimate IQ scores [29].…”

Section: Neuropsychological and Psychiatric Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex-and educationmatched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis. Results We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA 1c was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume. Conclusions/interpretation These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.

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Section: Neuropsychological and Psychiatric Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

et al. 2007

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“…All participants gave written informed consent after receiving an explanation of the study and its procedures. Inclusion criteria were age between 21 and 45 years, IQ Ͼ 80 (assessed by the Shipley Institute of Living Scale) (Zachary et al 1985) and right-handedness. Exclusion criteria were current psychopathology (SCL-90) (Derogatis et al 1976), history of psychiatric disorders (Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS)) (Robins et al 1981), and evidence of acute or chronic medical problems (medical history, physical examination, and routine blood screen).…”

Section: Research Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-making in a Risk-taking Task A PET Study

Ernst

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

405

246

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“…Impulsiveness was measured by the Eysenck Impulsivity and Venturesomeness Questionnaire (EIVQ, Eysenck and Eysenk, 1978) and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11, Patton et al, 1995). Risk taking was measured by the EIVQ, the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS, Zuckerman, 1979) (Zachary et al, 1985). The average age-adjusted Shipley t-score was 50.40 (74.74).…”

Section: Psychometric Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Marijuana Effects on Human Risk Taking

Lane

Cherek

Tcheremissine

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

149

100

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Previous studies have established a relationship between marijuana use and risky behavior in natural settings. A limited number of laboratory investigations of marijuana effects on human risk taking have been conducted. The present study was designed to examine the acute effects of smoked marijuana on human risk taking, and to identify behavioral mechanisms that may be involved in drug-induced changes in the probability of risky behavior. Using a laboratory measure of risk taking designed to address acute drug effects, 10 adults were administered placebo cigarettes and three doses of active marijuana cigarettes (half placebo and half 1.77%; 1.77%; and 3.58% D 9 -THC) in a within-subject repeated-measures experimental design. The risk-taking task presented subjects with a choice between two response options operationally defined as risky and nonrisky. Data analyses examined cardiovascular and subjective effects, response rates, distribution of choices between the risky and nonrisky option, and first-order transition probabilities of trial-by-trial data. The 3.58% THC dose increased selection of the risky response option, and uniquely shifted response probabilities following both winning and losing outcomes following selection of the risky option. Acute marijuana administration thereby produced measurable changes in risky decision making under laboratory conditions. Consistent with previous risk-taking studies, shifts in trial-by-trial response probabilities at the highest dose suggested a change in sensitivity to both reinforced and losing risky outcomes. Altered sensitivity to consequences may be a mechanism in drug-induced changes in risk taking. Possible neurobiological sites of action related to THC are discussed. Neuropsychopharmacology (2005) 30, 800-809.

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Estimating WAIS IQ from the shipley institute of living scale using continuously adjusted age norms

Cited by 106 publications

References 26 publications

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes

Decision-making in a Risk-taking Task A PET Study

Acute Marijuana Effects on Human Risk Taking

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