Estimating the Vitamin-D Levels in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusions: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Background: Retinal vein occlusion in diabetic retinopathy resulting in visual impairment and complete vision loss is well-known especially in older population. Ischemic occlusion of retinal vein can cause macular edema, macular ischemia and neovascularization which might end up in complete vision loss. Role of Vitamin D in maintaining vasculature and function of endothelium is evident from a number of studies. This study aims to estimate vitamin D levels in individuals with retinal vein occlusions.
 Methodology: This will be a hospital based case control study conducted in Ophthalmology department of AVBRH, Wardha. About 70 consecutive patients will be enrolled and assigned to Case and Control groups of 35 each. Vitamin D levels will be estimated in all 70 patients. Including best corrected visual acuity (snellens chart), slit lamp inspection, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement (Applanation tonometer) and fundoscopy (slit lamp biomicroscopy with 90 D) will be performed on all patients. Data will be collected, tabulated and compiled. Statistical analysis will be done by using unpaired student t test and Chi square test.
 Expected results: Expected findings include deficient vitamin D levels in patients with retinal vein occlusion.
 Conclusion: Retinal vein Occlusions are a leading reason for vision impairment which is preventable by timely treatment with Vitamin D.