Estimating the potential benefits of green stormwater infrastructure on developed sites using hydrologic model simulation

Abstract

This manuscript outlines a novel approach to predicting green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) performance by utilizing continuous simulations with the Environmental Protection Agency's Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). Simulations using continuous rain data were used to estimate the long‐term (annual) benefits of implementing bioretention cells (BRCs) at selected sites instead of focusing on their performance during large events (e.g., 10 yr storm) for which these practices were not designed. In addition, the simulations (66 total) provided estimates of potential runoff volume reduction (22%–76% of runoff volume) for comparing BRC implementation on a wide range of soil types (saturated hydraulic conductivity 0.07–18.18 cm/h). This study indicates that soils (Types A, B, and C) with saturated hydraulic conductivity of 0.3 cm/h can result in a minimum of 50% reduction in annual runoff. For soils with hydraulic conductivities of less than 0.3 cm/h, the soil property, effective suction at the wetting front (Sf), was an important indicator of infiltration rate since those soils in the “higher” range of effective suction at the wetting front, resulted in substantially higher infiltration. The models for this work were built and tested based on the geographic information system (GIS) analysis of readily available parcel data (e.g., geographic location, soil, and area) and remote sensing data (e.g., site imperviousness) for Lucas County, Ohio. It was estimated that over 60% of the developed land in Lucas County, OH is suitable for installing bioretention cells, which could significantly (>70%) reduce stormwater runoff from parking lots. This transferable approach can be used to identify preferred sites for installing green stormwater infrastructure, where the hydrologic performance benefits are maximized. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 557–564, 2017

A Review of Research on Urban Waterlogging Based on Citespace Mapping Knowledge Domains

“…• Concepts of "Sustainable Drainage Systems" and "Low Impact Development" 器" [19] 等，另外还有城市空间规划层面的"适应性规划""绿色开放空 间网络规划" [20] "土地利用规划"等。 [22] 、自然水文学 [23] 、流域水文学、河流水文学、 城市水文学和地表水文学出发探讨径流机制(包括产生、蒸发、下渗 等过程)的变化，从空间上划定出城市集水区 [24] ，尤其关注城市水文过 程的水文平衡问题；二是微观尺度的各种雨洪管控措施，关注其水文 性能 [25] 、水文功能与水文效益等，探索雨洪管控措施自然水循环过程的 建立。另一方面，探究了SWMM [26] 、SWAT [27] 、SCS-CN等水文模型与工 具如何进行宏观与微观尺度的雨水管理。 (5)内涝成因研究 在W O S核心合集数据库中几乎没有以"内涝成因"或"雨洪成 因"为题的英文文献，但众多文献都涉及了对成因的描述，总结起来 "stormwater biofilters" [19] , and other concepts on management and control measures; "adaptive planning," "green open spaces planning" [20] , "land use planning," and other concepts on urban spatial planning.…”

“…At micro scales, studies of various stormwater management and control measures often focus on hydrological performance [25] , functions, and benefits, helping establish natural water cycles through constructed approaches. In addition, such studies also explore the application of hydrological models and tools such as SWMM [26] , SWAT [27] , and SCS-CN for stormwater management across scales. [30] 主要涉及小麦、水稻、玉米、棉花、豌豆等作物的细胞通气组 织、内涝胁迫响应模式等涝渍耐受性的相关研究。 literature with a title of "waterlogging causes" or "stormwater causes," the causes of waterlogging or flooding are broadly discussed among such literature, being summarized into climate change, extreme storm events, urbanization, drainage system, policies and regulations, etc., among which urbanization is often considered the causes to damages of natural hydrology by land use changes, river canalization, impervious pavement, etc.…”

A Conceptual Approach to Modeling the Geospatial Impact of Typical Urban Threats on the Habitat Quality of River Corridors

“…Since there is a significant need to drain excess stormwater and to discharge wastewater from urban areas, rivers are used as receiving water bodies due to their topography [3]. However, when rivers are excessively used for stormwater and wastewater drainage (especially when the drained waters are not or not sufficiently treated), other functions of a river corridor (e.g., recreational and ecological functions) are lost [4,5]. It is important to create awareness regarding the potential of rivers to provide ecosystem services before they are completely lost.…”

Utilizing SWMM and GIS to identify total suspended solids hotspots to implement green infrastructure in Lucas County, OH

“…As vacant land is often scarce and expensive in urban environments, it is important to select preferred sites for green infrastructure installation, where the desired benefits (e.g., water quality improvements) are achievable and may be maximized . Hydrologic modeling and geographic information systems (GIS) analysis of pertinent parcel data can be used for planning and design of urban runoff or proposed abatement options.…”

“…achievable and may be maximized. 19 Hydrologic modeling and geographic information systems (GIS) analysis of pertinent parcel data can be used for planning and design of urban runoff or proposed abatement options. GIS are commonly used to collect and manage the spatial data required as inputs for hydrologic models such as SWMM5.…”