Estimating the organic carbon stabilisation capacity and saturation deficit of soils: a New Zealand case study

Beare, Michael H.; McNeill, Stephen; Curtin, D.; Parfitt, R. L.; Jones, Haydon S.; Dodd, Mike; Sharp, Joanna

doi:10.1007/s10533-014-9982-1

Cited by 120 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…C saturation level is the maximum amount of C that can be stored in a soil and is dictated by soil mineralogical and textural properties (Six et al 2002;Stewart et al 2007). A recent paper by Beare et al (2014) estimated that New Zealand soils have a larger C saturation deficit lower in the soil profile. Therefore, the greater C input in the 100-300 mm soil depth under the moderately diverse pasture in the current study is likely to also occur in soil further from a C saturation limit compared to the 0-100 mm depth.…”

Section: Root Turnover and C Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root carbon inputs under moderately diverse sward and conventional ryegrass-clover pasture: implications for soil carbon sequestration

et al. 2015

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Background and aims A strategy to increase soil C under pasture-based systems is to increase the root mass inputs or increase rooting depth of plants. Our objective in this study was to measure the seasonal dynamics of root mass and C inputs under two different pasture types (ryegrass-clover vs moderately diverse) that differ in plant diversity and which are commonly used in New Zealand agriculture. Methods This study was carried out on an existing plant diversity field trial containing six replicate paddocks of both moderately-diverse and ryegrass-clover pastures. Soil cores (0-100-200-300 mm sections) were collected seasonally across 1 year and individual root traits assessed from all species. Results The moderately diverse pasture had greater root mass (5320-9350 kg ha −1 ) than the ryegrass-clover pasture (3810-5700 kg ha −1 ) for all seasons and had greater root mass lower in the soil profile. A secondary objective demostrated no significant difference in root mass between high and low sugar ryegrass cultivar. Increased root mass results in an estimated increase of C input to the soil of about 1203 kg C ha −1 (0-300 mm depth) under the moderately diverse pasture, excluding root exudates. Root trait measurements demonstrated a greater diversity of root traits in the moderately diverse sward compared to the ryegrass-clover pasture. Conclusions Moderately diverse pasture systems offer scope to increase soil C under grazed pastures through increased root mass inputs and rooting depth.

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Section: Root Turnover and C Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root carbon inputs under moderately diverse sward and conventional ryegrass-clover pasture: implications for soil carbon sequestration

et al. 2015

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“…It has been widely suggested that subsoil has great potential to store additional SOC than topsoil 9, 10 because of the large number of unsaturated mineral surfaces 11 and environmental conditions that slow SOC mineralisation 12 (e.g. more constant moisture and temperature regime or oxygen limitation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of buried carbon in deep-ploughed forest and cropland soils - implications for carbon stocks

Alcántara

Don

Vesterdal

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) may play a key role in climate change mitigation and adaptation. In particular, subsoil provides a great potential for additional SOC storage due to the assumed higher stability of subsoil SOC. The fastest way in which SOC reaches the subsoil is via burial, e.g. via erosion or deep ploughing. We assessed the effect of active SOC burial through deep ploughing on long-term SOC stocks and stability in forest and cropland subsoil. After 25–48 years, deep-ploughed subsoil contained significantly more SOC than reference subsoils, in both forest soil (+48%) and cropland (+67%). However, total SOC stocks down to 100 cm in deep-ploughed soil were greater than in reference soil only in cropland, and not in forests. This was explained by slower SOC accumulation in topsoil of deep-ploughed forest soils. Buried SOC was on average 32% more stable than reference SOC, as revealed by long-term incubation. Moreover, buried subsoil SOC had higher apparent radiocarbon ages indicating that it is largely isolated from exchange with atmospheric CO2. We concluded that deep ploughing increased subsoil SOC storage and that the higher subsoil SOC stability is not only a result of selective preservation of more stable SOC fractions.

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“…Intensive grazing systems, such as those studied here, have been tested and used extensively in temperate regions of Australia and New Zealand, and the increases in soil C content and benefits of higher soil nutrient status are well documented [14][15][16][17] . Optimizing either pasture fertilization, irrigation or grazing intensity can each improve C accumulation rates by up to 0.5 Mg C ha yr À 1 (ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging land use practices rapidly increase soil organic matter

et al. 2015

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Estimating the organic carbon stabilisation capacity and saturation deficit of soils: a New Zealand case study

Cited by 120 publications

References 59 publications

Root carbon inputs under moderately diverse sward and conventional ryegrass-clover pasture: implications for soil carbon sequestration

Root carbon inputs under moderately diverse sward and conventional ryegrass-clover pasture: implications for soil carbon sequestration

Stability of buried carbon in deep-ploughed forest and cropland soils - implications for carbon stocks

Emerging land use practices rapidly increase soil organic matter

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