Estimating the Heritability of Structural and Functional Brain Connectivity in Families Affected by Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Sudre, Gustavo; Choudhuri, Saadia; Székely, Eszter; Bonner, Teighlor; Goduni, Elanda; Sharp, Wendy; Shaw, Philip

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3072

Cited by 50 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“… 203 Recently, structural and functional brain connectivity assessed in families affected by ADHD has been shown to have heritable components associated with ADHD. 204 Similarly, the heritability of ERPs elicited in a Go/No-Go-task measuring response inhibition known to be altered in ADHD, was found to be significantly heritable. 205 …”

Section: Current Neurobiological and Neuropsychological Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 88%

ADHD: Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2020

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most frequent disorders within child and adolescent psychiatry, with a prevalence of over 5%. Nosological systems, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases, editions 10 and 11 (ICD-10/11) continue to define ADHD according to behavioral criteria, based on observation and on informant reports. Despite an overwhelming body of research on ADHD over the last 10 to 20 years, valid neurobiological markers or other objective criteria that may lead to unequivocal diagnostic classification are still lacking. On the contrary, the concept of ADHD seems to have become broader and more heterogeneous. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD are still challenging for clinicians, necessitating increased reliance on their expertise and experience. The first part of this review presents an overview of the current definitions of the disorder (DSM-5, ICD-10/11). Furthermore, it discusses more controversial aspects of the construct of ADHD, including the dimensional versus categorical approach, alternative ADHD constructs, and aspects pertaining to epidemiology and prevalence. The second part focuses on comorbidities, on the difficulty of distinguishing between “primary” and “secondary” ADHD for purposes of differential diagnosis, and on clinical diagnostic procedures. In the third and most prominent part, an overview of current neurobiological concepts of ADHD is given, including neuropsychological and neurophysiological researches and summaries of current neuroimaging and genetic studies. Finally, treatment options are reviewed, including a discussion of multimodal, pharmacological, and nonpharmacological interventions and their evidence base.

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Section: Current Neurobiological and Neuropsychological Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 88%

ADHD: Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2020

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“…In the future, the controls regarding independent variables such as IQ, ADHD subtypes, minor head movements, and medication need to be strengthened. Multimodal data, e.g., EEG and DTI data, can also be combined to investigate brain networks from multiple aspects [52]. In short, this study facilitated greater understanding of the developmental pattern of the brain functional network in ADHD patients and the etiology of ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Developmental Pattern of Brain Activities in ADHD: A Study of Resting-State fMRI

et al. 2018

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There are distinct symptoms for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at different ages. To explore the developmental mechanism of ADHD from childhood to adolescence, patients from different age groups with ADHD drawn from a large dataset should be investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that there are significant differences in the developmental patterns of local and global brain activities between ADHD and typically developing (TD) individuals. Three voxel-based measurements and the functional connectivity (FC) of the brain networks were extracted from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of both ADHD and TD participants 7–16 years of age. The topological properties of brain networks in both groups were also analyzed, including hubs, hemispheric symmetry, together with local and global efficiency. The results showed, from the local perspective, that the ADHD group had abnormal amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, and regional homogeneity in the medial orbital frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus, thalamus, precuneus, and cerebellum compared with the TD group. From the global perspective, the aberrant FC between multiple networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), the attention network, and the executive control network, might directly contribute to symptom differences in childhood and adolescence in ADHD patients. Finally, from the developmental perspective, there was delayed maturation of brain networks in the ADHD group, especially in the DMN. Overall, we presented the differences in brain networks between the ADHD and TD group from multiple perspectives and demonstrated the developmental abnormality of brain networks in ADHD patients, contributing to the study of the etiology of ADHD.

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“…Finally, we fitted linear models between the length of a chromosome and the aggregate heritability across all WM tracts and all DTI parameters. We further ordered and clustered the 22 chromosomes into three groups according to their lengths: long (CHRs 2, 1, 6, 3), medium (CHRs 4,5,7,8,10,11), and short (the other CHRs). We also clustered the tracts according to their biological functions.…”

Section: Heritability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the integrity of white matter connections between brain areas is critical to proper function. Microstructural differences in white matter (WM) tracts are associated with information processing speed and intelligence (Penke L et al 2010;Tamnes CK et al 2010;Penke L et al 2012;Ritchie SJ, ME Bastin, et al 2015;Ritchie SJ, T Booth, et al 2015) as well as neuropsychiatric traits, such as Alzheimer's disease (Nir TM et al 2013), Schizophrenia (SCZ) (Voineskos AN 2015), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Sudre G et al 2017) and anorexia nervosa (Vogel K et al 2016). A better understanding of genetic factors influencing integrity of WM tracts could have important implication for understanding the etiology of these diseases as well as individual variation in intelligence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale neuroimaging and genetic study reveals genetic architecture of brain white matter microstructure

Zhao

Zhang

Ibrahim

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Microstructural changes of white matter (WM) tracts are known to be associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders/diseases. Heritability of structural changes of WM tracts has been examined using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in family-based studies for different age groups. The availability of genetic and DTI data from recent large population-based studies offers opportunity to further improve our understanding of genetic contributions. Here, we analyzed the genetic architecture of WM tracts using DTI and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of unrelated individuals in the UK Biobank (n ∼ 8000). The DTI parameters were generated using the ENIGMA-DTI pipeline. We found that DTI parameters are substantially heritable on most WM tracts. We observed a highly polygenic or omnigenic architecture of genetic influence across the genome as well as the enrichment of SNPs in active chromatin regions. Our bivariate analyses showed strong genetic correlations for several pairs of WM tracts as well as pairs of DTI parameters. We performed voxel-based analysis to illustrate the pattern of genetic effects on selected parts of the tract-based spatial statistics skeleton. Comparing the estimates from the UK Biobank to those from small population-based studies, we illustrated that sufficiently large sample size is essential for genetic architecture discovery in imaging genetics. We confirmed this finding with a simulation study.

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Estimating the Heritability of Structural and Functional Brain Connectivity in Families Affected by Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 50 publications

References 64 publications

ADHD: Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents

ADHD: Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents

Different Developmental Pattern of Brain Activities in ADHD: A Study of Resting-State fMRI

Large-scale neuroimaging and genetic study reveals genetic architecture of brain white matter microstructure

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