Estimating the forested-wetland resource in the southeastern United States with forest survey data

Tansey, John B.; Cost, Noel D.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(90)90193-f

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the southeastern USA, non-alluvial wetlands are a conspicuous feature of the landscape (Tansey andCost 1990, Sutter andKral 1994). These wetlands are often shallow basins, seasonally inundated, and isolated from streams or other permanent water bodies (Sutter and Kral 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invertebrate communities of forested limesink wetlands in southwest Georgia, USA: Habitat use and influence of extended inundation

1997

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Limesink wetlands are a common aquatic habitat in southwest Georgia, USA. These wetlands are non-alluvial, occupying shallow depressions formed from dissolution of limestone bedrock and collapse of surface sands. They are seasonally inundated, with a typical hydroperiod extending from late February to early July. Little is known about factors influencing invertebrate community structure in limesink wetlands. Recently, it has been suggested that regular inundation and drying are important influences on community structure in some seasonal wetlands. We had an opportunity to examine this hypothesis in 3 forested limesink wetlands. Quantitative samples of invertebrates were taken monthly on benthic and wood surfaces from March 1994 through July 1995. This included a period of unusually heavy precipitation, summer and autumn of 1994, when the wetlands would normally be dry. Immediately following inundation, benthic samples were dominated by amphipods (Crangonyx sp.), isopods (Caecidotea sp.), cladocerans, and copepods. Maximum total densities (1000-4000 individuals per m 2) were observed within 3 months of inundation. During summer and autumn, densities decreased (< 500 individuals per m2), and the benthos was dominated by larval chironomids. Wood surfaces were dominated by chironomids, with greatest densities (1000-3000 individuals per m 2) observed in summer and autumn. Although not quantified, freshwater sponge became very abundant on wood surfaces during autumn. During the following spring (1995), invertebrate densities on sediments remained low, and few amphipods, isopods, cladocerans, or copepods were collected. Chironomids remained very abundant on wood. Our results suggest that extended inundation is a disturbance to some elements of wetland invertebrate communities. Extended inundation may cause short-term reductions in populations by eliminating summer refugia (amphipoda, isopoda) or by altering environmental cues necessary for the completion of life cycles (cladocerans, copepods).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-alluvial wetlands of the southeast have been recognized as sites of moderate productivity, high biological diversity, and important wildlife habitat (e.g., Sklar 1985, Taylor et al 1988, 1989, Dodd 1992, 1995. They are also threatened by regional development and agriculture (Tansey andCost 1990, Sutter andKral 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invertebrate communities of forested limesink wetlands in southwest Georgia, USA: Habitat use and influence of extended inundation

1997

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“…The linear nature of BLH forests and the encroachment of agriculture into these systems makes their total area difficult to quantify (Abernathy andTurner 1987, Tansey andCost 1990); however, only about 2.8 million ha existed in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of the United States in 1982 of an estimated historical 10 million ha (National Research Council 1982, Hefner andBrown 1985). Although the rate of decline has decreased more recently (Tansey and Cost 1990) and area of BLH has actually increased in local areas (Faulkner et al 1995), during the 1950s-1970s, these wetlands suffered annual losses exceeding 120,000 ha per yr (MacDonald et al 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although the rate of decline has decreased more recently (Tansey and Cost 1990) and area of BLH has actually increased in local areas (Faulkner et al 1995), during the 1950s-1970s, these wetlands suffered annual losses exceeding 120,000 ha per yr (MacDonald et al 1979). In addition to direct losses, degradation of existing stands through fragmentation, hydrologic alteration, pesticide accumulation, and poorly conceived timber management practices (e.g.. high-grading--selective removal of the largest, best-formed, and most economically valuable trees) have further impacted the structure and composition of plant and animal communities within these systems (Harris 1988, Harris and O'Meara 1989, Dollar et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant succession and greentree reservoir management: implications for management and restoration of bottomland hardwood wetlands

King¹,

Allen²

1996

Wetlands

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Bottomland hardwood forests are distributed along rivers and streams throughout the central and eastern United States, with the greatest concentration in the Southeast. Past and projected losses of bottomland hardwoods and degradation of remaining stands suggest that habitat management and/or restoration strategies thut target multiple species and multiple uses will be necessary to maintain, enhance, and restore flora and fauna within bottomland hardwood wetlands. A greentree reservoir is a current management strategy that entails manipulating water regimes to provide habitat for wintering waterfowl. We conducted a literature review and synthesis to determine the potential impacts of greentree reservoir management on plant succession within bottomland hardwood wetlands. Greentree reservoirs can impact vegetation establishment through several processes. Despite shortcomings of greentree reservoirs, designs similar to them could be very beneficial in restoring bottomland hardwood plant and animal communities from degraded forests provided water-level control and maintenance are substantially improved. Emulation of natural hydrologic regimes, including natural variability, could produce diverse bottornland hardwood plant communities and provide habitat for a variety of w'ildlife species.

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“…Of an estimated 8.5 to 9.5 million ha before 1780, only two million ha of forested wetlands remain in the floodplain of the lower Mississippi River (MacDonald et al 1979, Turner et al 1981, The Nature Conservancy 1992. Forested wetland losses in other parts of the southern U.S. are just as striking (Tansey andCost 1990, Hefner andDahl 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afforestation of marginal agricultural land in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, U.S.A.

Stanturf¹,

Schweitzer²,

Gardiner³

1998

Silva Fenn.

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Afforestation of marginal agricultural land in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) relies on native species, planted mostly in single-species plantations. Hard mast species such as oak and pecan are favored for their value to wildlife, especially on public land. Successful afforestation requires an understanding of site variation within floodplains and matching species preferences and tolerances to site characteristics, in particular to inundation regimes. Soil physical conditions, root aeration, nutrient availability, and moisture availability during the growing season also must be considered in matching species to site. Afforestation methods include planting seedlings or cuttings, and direct-seeding. Both methods can be done by hand or by machine. If good quality seedlings are planted properly and well cared for before planting, the chances for successful establishment are high but complete failures do occur. Mortality and poor growth are caused by many factors: extended post-planting drought or flooding; poor planting or seeding practices; poor quality seed or seedlings; animal depredation; or herbicide drift from aerial application to nearby cropland. More species can be planted, even on continuously flooded sites. Direct-seeding, while limited to heavy-seeded species (oaks and hickories), costs less than 50 % of planting seedlings. Growth varies considerably by soil type; most bottomland hardwoods grow best on silt loam and less well on clay soils. Up to 200 000 ha of land in the LMAV subject to spring and early summer backwater flooding could be afforested over the next decade.

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Estimating the forested-wetland resource in the southeastern United States with forest survey data

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Invertebrate communities of forested limesink wetlands in southwest Georgia, USA: Habitat use and influence of extended inundation

Invertebrate communities of forested limesink wetlands in southwest Georgia, USA: Habitat use and influence of extended inundation

Plant succession and greentree reservoir management: implications for management and restoration of bottomland hardwood wetlands

Afforestation of marginal agricultural land in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, U.S.A.

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