Estimating the economic burden of food-induced allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in the United States

Patel, Dipen; Holdford, David A.; Edwards, Eric S.; Carroll, Norman V.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.03.013

Cited by 159 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The mean cost of a nutritionist or alternative provider was $100. The mean costs used for ED visits or inpatient hospitalizations were $711 and $6269, respectively, and were based on calculations from Patel et al 16 The ED and hospitalization costs were combined as a single variable in the analysis.…”

Section: Direct Medical Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Disparities in the Economic Impact of Childhood Food Allergy

et al. 2016

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We compared direct medical costs borne by the health care system and out-of-pocket costs borne by families for children with food allergy by socioeconomic characteristics. METHODS:We analyzed cross-sectional survey data collected between November 2011 and January 2012 from 1643 US caregivers with a food-allergic child. We used a 2-part regression model to estimate mean costs and identified differences by levels of household income and race or ethnicity. RESULTS:Children in the lowest income stratum incurred 2.5 times the amount of emergency department and hospitalization costs as a result of their food allergy than higher-income children ($1021, SE ±$209, vs $416, SE ±$94; P < .05). Costs incurred for specialist visits were lower in the lowest income group ($228, SE ±$21) compared with the highest income group ($311, SE ±$18; P < .01) as was spending on out-of-pocket medication costs ($117, SE ± $26, lowest income; $366, SE ±$44, highest income; P < .001). African American caregivers incurred the lowest amount of direct medical costs and spent the least on out-of-pocket costs, with average adjusted costs of $493 (SE ±$109) and $395 (SE ±$452), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Disparities exist in the economic impact of food allergy based on socioeconomic status. Affordable access to specialty care, medications, and allergen-free foods are critical to keep all food-allergic children safe, regardless of income and race.

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Section: Direct Medical Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Disparities in the Economic Impact of Childhood Food Allergy

et al. 2016

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“…In westernised countries, asthma and allergic diseases are a public health concern because of their high prevalence, associated morbidity and substantial healthcare and societal costs [1,2]. The prevalence of asthma and allergic disorders has increased since the early 1960s [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and, although it is generally accepted that changes in the prevalence are a consequence of changing environmental influences, the identities of the relevant environmental exposures remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds and risk of asthma and allergy: a systematic review

et al. 2015

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous domestic pollutants. Their role in asthma/allergy development and exacerbations is uncertain. This systematic review investigated whether domestic VOC exposure increases the risk of developing and/or exacerbating asthma and allergic disorders.We systematically searched 11 databases and three trial repositories, and contacted an international panel of experts to identify published and unpublished experimental and epidemiological studies.8455 potentially relevant studies were identified; 852 papers were removed after de-duplication, leaving 7603 unique papers that were screened. Of these, 278 were reviewed in detail and 53 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Critical appraisal of the included studies indicated an overall lack of high-quality evidence and substantial risk of bias in this body of knowledge. Aromatics (i.e. benzenes, toluenes and xylenes) and formaldehyde were the main VOC classes studied, both in relation to the development and exacerbations of asthma and allergy. Approximately equal numbers of studies reported that exposure increased risks and that exposure was not associated with any detrimental effects.The available evidence implicating domestic VOC exposure in the risk of developing and/or exacerbating asthma and allergy is of poor quality and inconsistent. Prospective, preferably experimental studies, investigating the impact of reducing/eliminating exposure to VOC, are now needed in order to generate a more definitive evidence base to inform policy and clinical deliberations in relation to the management of the now substantial sections of the population who are either at risk of developing asthma/ allergy or living with established disease. @ERSpublications Investigation of VOCs in relation to developing or exacerbating asthma or allergy indicates new studies are required

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“…22 It is increasing in developing countries, [23][24][25] and leading to an increased number of UK critical care admissions. 26 Perioperative anaphylaxis occurs in 1:3 500-1:20 000 cases, with a mortality of 9%.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Kounis syndrome: a narrative review

Fourie

2016

Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Inflammatory mediators released from activated mast cells and basophils during hypersensitivity reactions have direct pathological effects on the myocardium and coronary vasculature. It was traditionally thought that cardiovascular signs and symptoms in anaphylaxis are largely due to peripheral vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. However, there is extensive evidence of primary cardiac involvement during hypersensitivity reactions, most notably coronary vasoconstriction as well as atherosclerotic plaque erosion and rupture, leading to angina pectoris and acute coronary syndromes. Furthermore, mast cells are well established as effector cells in atherosclerosis, through their effects on atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilisation. It was noted over 30 years ago that cardiac patients have a markedly higher concentration of biologic amines (especially histamine) in their coronary vasculature, and, additionally, are hyper-reactive to the effects thereof. This is borne out by the disproportionate mortality rate of those with cardiac disease that suffer a hypersensitivity reaction. Kounis syndrome refers to angina pectoris or an acute coronary syndrome secondary to a hypersensitivity reaction, with the subtypes dependent on the underlying state of the coronaries and presence of a drug-eluting stent or not. This review will focus mainly on the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnoses and treatment of this important syndrome.

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Estimating the economic burden of food-induced allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in the United States

Cited by 159 publications

References 28 publications

Socioeconomic Disparities in the Economic Impact of Childhood Food Allergy

Socioeconomic Disparities in the Economic Impact of Childhood Food Allergy

Volatile organic compounds and risk of asthma and allergy: a systematic review

Kounis syndrome: a narrative review

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