Estimating the combining ability and genetic parameters for growth habit, yield, and fiber quality traits in some Egyptian cotton crosses

Abstract

It is crucial to understand how targeted traits in a hybrid breeding program are influenced by gene activity and combining ability. During the three growing seasons of 2015, 2016, and 2017, a field study was conducted with twelve cotton genotypes, comprised of four testers and eight lines. Thirty-two F1 crosses were produced in the 2015 breeding season using the line x tester mating design. The twelve genotypes and their thirty-two F1 crosses were then evaluated in 2016 and 2017. The results demonstrated highly significant differences among cotton genotypes for all the studied traits, showing a wide range of genetic diversity in the parent genotypes. Additionally, the line-x-tester interaction was highly significant for all traits, suggesting the impact of both additive and non-additive variations in gene expression. Furthermore, the thirty-two cotton crosses showed high seed cotton output, lint cotton yield, and fiber quality, such as fiber length values exceeding 31 mm and a fiber strength above 10 g/tex. Accordingly, selecting lines and testers with high GCA effects and crosses with high SCA effects would be an effective approach to improve the desired traits in cotton and develop new varieties with excellent yield and fiber quality.

Genetic Variability among Egyptian Extra-long Staple Cotton Genotypes for Some Economic Traits

“…These outcomes agreed with those reported previously which found significant variation within cotton genotypes in yielding ability traits as well as fiber traits in tetraploid upland cotton (Eswari et al, 2017;Sarwar et al, 2020;Darawsheh et al, 2022;Bhanudas et al, 2023;Yasar, 2023), and in the Egyptian cotton (Abdelmoghny et al, 2020;Amer et al, 2020;Eldessouky et al, 2021;Abdel-Aty et al, 2023;Yehia et al, 2023).…”

“…These findings are in the same line with former investigations resulted that cotton genotypes varied significantly in yielding traits as well as fiber quality traits in upland cotton by Eswari et al (2017), Jarwar et al (2018), Hampannavar et al (2020), Chakholoma et al (2022) and Bhanudas et al (2023), and in the Egyptian cotton by Abdelmoghny et al (2020), Eldessouky et al (2021), Amer (2022), Abdel-Aty et al (2023) and Yehia et al (2023.…”

“…AMER, S.S. HASSAN et al, 2022;Bhanudas et al, 2023). Similar significant differences among Egyptian cotton (G. barbadense L) genotypes for most cotton yield, yield components and fiber properties were reported (Abdelmoghny et al, 2020;Eldessouky et al, 2021;Amer, 2022;Abdel-Aty et al, 2023;Yehia et al, 2023) that elucidate the wide range of genetic variance within these genotypes.…”

Exploring agro-morphological and fiber traits diversity in cotton (G. barbadense L.)

“…One of the essential goals for cotton breeders, is to develop modern varieties with promissing characteristiques in terms of fiber quality as well as agronomical economic traits to increase the farmers profitability under its current cultivation system. Unfortantely, the achievement of this goal is hindered by the poor and tapered of genetic base of modern crop varieties due to the continued extensive selection process during its progress course that eventually has leaded to a lack genetic variability amongest the core cotton genotypes [ 17 , 37 , 45 ]. Therefore, the current investigation was aimed to estimate the genetic diversity/variability among different Egyptian and international cotton genotypes using important agro-morphological traits and DNA based SSR markers.…”

Genetic improvement of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) for high yield and fiber quality properties under semi arid conditions

“…Directly selecting cotton plants based on yield alone is a challenging task due to the complex nature of the trait. Yield is greatly influenced by environmental conditions, as well as genotype x environment interactions, which diminishes the effectiveness of using yield as the only selection criterion 11 , 21 , 22 . Moreover, other factors like the polygenic nature of the trait, low heritability, linkage, and non-additive gene action may hinder the effectiveness of selection, especially in the early segregating generations.…”