Estimating the archival life of metal particulate tape

Okazaki, Yutaka; Hara, Katsumi; Kawashima, Takahiro; Satô, Akio; Hirano, Tatsuhiko

doi:10.1109/20.179493

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Tape-based storage solutions, such as CERN's CTA service, provide a reliable and cost-effective means of preserving large quantities of data over extended periods of time. Tapes have been proven to be resilient to data corruption and physical damage [9][10][11], positioning them as the preferred choice for disaster recovery scenarios and long-term archival. Furthermore, tapes cost significantly less per terabyte compared to traditional hard disk solutions.…”

Section: Tape Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing data integrity and resilience: Extending the CERN backup system with a tape-based backend

Del Monte,

Labrador Gonzalez,

Rademakers

et al. 2024

EPJ Web of Conf.

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The CERN IT Department is responsible for ensuring the integrity and security of data stored in the IT Storage Services. General storage backends such as EOS, CERNBox and CephFS are used to store data for a wide range of use cases for all stakeholders at CERN, including experiment project spaces and user home directories. In recent years a backup system, cback, was developed based on the open source backup program restic. cback is currently used to backup about 2.5 billion files and 18PB stored on disks in the CERN Computing Center. To significantly increase the reliability and security of the backups and reduce the storage costs, by limiting the amount of data on disk, we have added a tape storage backend to cback. With this addition cback can reliably be extended to new use cases, like backing up any local mountable file system, such as EOS, CephFS, NFS or DFS. In this paper we will describe the architecture and implementation of cback with the new tape storage backend and a number of developments planned for the near future.

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Section: Tape Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing data integrity and resilience: Extending the CERN backup system with a tape-based backend

Del Monte,

Labrador Gonzalez,

Rademakers

et al. 2024

EPJ Web of Conf.

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“…Many studies have been carried out to determine the environmental stability of tapes to evaluate lifetime expectancy [55,56] It was shown that long-term stability of magnetic tape is dependent upon many factors including integrity of polymer binder and oxidation of the metal particles. It is worth noting that the chemical age of a tape cannot be understood exclusively on the basis of the calendar time, but depends on the conditions of storage.…”

Section: Tape Degradation Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry for Audio Heritage Preservation: A Review of Analytical Techniques for Audio Magnetic Tapes

Bressan

Hess²,

Sgarbossa

et al. 2019

Heritage

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Vast and important cultural resources are entrusted to magnetic tape around the world, but they are susceptible to degradation, which may lead to severe replay problems. Audio magnetic tapes are complex and multicomponent devices containing organic compounds and metal systems, which can be potential catalysts for many degradative reactions in the presence of water, light, or heating. The aim of this review is to collect the literature concerning the analytical determinations and instrumental approaches that can achieve the chemical identification of the components in the tape and the degradation state. Thus, a combination of destructive (such as acetone extraction) and non-destructive techniques (such as ATR FTIR spectroscopy) have been proposed, together with SEM, ESEM, XRD and TGA analyses to assess the chemical and physical characterization of the tape with the purpose to individualize restoration treatments and optimize conditions for preservation. The impact of the studies reviewed in this paper may go beyond audio, being potentially relevant to video, data, instrumentation, and logging tapes.

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“…Another study [3] reported remanent magnetization measurements on M P tape exposed to 90% relative humidity and either 35"C, 50"C, or 65°C. These authors estimated the archival lifetime of MP tape to exceed 20 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine-quinone polyurethanes as binders for metal particle tape

Liang

Nikles

1993

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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Two new polyurethanes were prepared by condensation polymerization from the new diol m o n o m e r 2,5-bis(N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone, AQM-1.One aminequinone polyurethane, AQPU-4, was made from AQM-1, polycaprolactone diol and isophorone diisocyanate.The other, AQPU-8 was made from AQM-1, poly(l,2-butylene glycol), and tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate.Three different MP formulations were prepared and films cast onto polyester base film by hand draw-down; i) a generic MP formulation containing a commercial polyvinylchloride wetting binder and commercial polyurethane binder, ii) a formulation where the polyvinylchloride was replaced with AQPU-4, and iii) a formulation where the polyvinylchloride was replaced with AQPU-8.In a comparative corrosion study, the samples were soaked in pH 2.00 buffer solution and the degree of corrosion measured.The iron pigments in the generic MP formulation completely corroded after two hours exposure.The formulations containing the amine-quinone binders showed less than 10% corrosion after more than 160 hours exposure.

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Estimating the archival life of metal particulate tape

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Enhancing data integrity and resilience: Extending the CERN backup system with a tape-based backend

Enhancing data integrity and resilience: Extending the CERN backup system with a tape-based backend

Chemistry for Audio Heritage Preservation: A Review of Analytical Techniques for Audio Magnetic Tapes

Amine-quinone polyurethanes as binders for metal particle tape

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