Estimating surface runoff and groundwater recharge in an urban catchment using a water balance approach

Weatherl, Robin; Salgado, Maria J. Henao; Ramgraber, Maximilian; Moeck, Christian; Schirmer, Mario

doi:10.1007/s10040-021-02385-1

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Prominent among these processes is the partitioning of water loss between evaporation and transpiration (Lauenroth and Bradford 2006). Evapotranspiration can be estimated as the residual of precipitation ( P ), groundwater recharge (

{italicGW}_{r}

), and natural flows (

N_{f}

) as

{italicGW}_{r} = P - ET - N_{f}

(Lauenroth and Bradford 2006; Weatherl et al 2021). The historic (1973 through 2021) average rainfall was obtained from the hydrology website [https://www.dws.gov.za/Hydrology/Verified/HyStations.aspx?Region=X%26StationType=rbMeteor for Sabie‐Sand (X3), Crocodile (X2) and Komati (X1) and https://www.dws.gov.za/Hydrology/Verified/HyStations.aspx?Region=W%26StationType=rbMeteor for Usuthu (W5)].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catchment‐Wide Groundwater Budget for the Inkomati‐Usuthu Water Management Area in South Africa

Shakhane,

Mojabake

2024

Groundwater

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In South Africa, approximately 98% of the predicted total surface water resources are already being used up. Consequently, the National Water Resource Strategy considers groundwater to be important for the future planning and management of water resources. In this case, quantifying groundwater budgets is a prerequisite because they provide a means for evaluating the availability and sustainability of a water supply. This study estimated the regional groundwater budgets for the Inkomati‐Usuthu Water Management Area (Usuthu, Komati, Sabie‐Sand, and Crocodile) using the classical hydrological continuity equation. The equation was used to describe prevailing feedback loops between groundwater draft, recharge, baseflow, and storage change. The results were coarser scale estimates which, beforehand, were derived from the 2006 study. In the years to follow, groundwater reliance intensified and there was also the historic 2015/2016 drought. This inevitably led to an increased draft while the rest of the components of the groundwater budgets experienced decreases. Both Crocodile and Sabie‐Sand experienced groundwater storage depletion which led to reduced baseflow and groundwater availability, while groundwater recharge contrarily increased due to capture. Conversely, the other two catchments experienced relatively lower drafts with correspondingly higher groundwater availability and recharge while storage change was positive. The results highlighted the need for adaptive water management whose effectiveness relies on predictive studies. Consequently, future models should be developed to capture the spatial and temporal dynamism of the natural groundwater budget due to climate change, water demands, and population growth predictions.

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{italicGW}_{r}

), and natural flows (

N_{f}

) as

{italicGW}_{r} = P - ET - N_{f}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catchment‐Wide Groundwater Budget for the Inkomati‐Usuthu Water Management Area in South Africa

Shakhane,

Mojabake

2024

Groundwater

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“…Eini, et al 31 documented that urban texture had a significant influence on flood risk. Weatherl, et al 32 reported that runoff increase can be accompanied by AET decrease in urban areas. The positive correlation between rainfall and groundwater recharge is a good general rule 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring urban growth–climate change–flood risk nexus in fast growing cities

Ajjur

Al-Ghamdi

2022

Sci Rep

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This study looks at the nexus between urban growth, climate change, and flood risk in Doha, Qatar, a hot-spot, climate change region that has experienced unprecedented urban growth during the last four decades. To this end, this study overviews the main stages of Doha’s urban growth and influencing climatic factors during this period. A physically-based hydrological model was then built to simulate surface runoff and quantify flood risk. Finally, the Pearson correlation was used to verify the potential nexus between flood risk, climate change, and urban growth. Surveying showed that, between 1984 and 2020, urban areas grew by 777%, and bare lands decreased by 54.7%. In addition, Doha witnessed various climatic changes with a notable increase in air temperature (+ 8.7%), a decrease in surface wind speed (− 19.5%), and a decrease in potential evapotranspiration losses (− 33.5%). Growth in urban areas and the perturbation of climatic parameters caused runoff to increase by 422%, suggesting that urban growth contributed more than climatic parameters. Pearson correlation coefficient between flood risk and urban growth was strong (0.83) and significant at p < 0.05. Flood risk has a strong significant positive (negative) correlation with air temperature (wind speed) and a moderate positive (negative) correlation with precipitation (potential evapotranspiration). These results pave the way to integrate flood risk reduction measures in local urban development and climate change adaptation plans.

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“…The Sahu–Mishra–Eldho (SME) model was developed in 2010 (Sahu et al., 2010, 2012) and then modified again by Weatherl et al. (2021).…”

Section: Tiered System To Estimate Recharge At Pfas‐impacted Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, however, the SCS curve number method has been extended to simulate recharge processes more fully. The Sahu-Mishra-Eldho (SME) model was developed in 2010 (Sahu et al, 2010(Sahu et al, , 2012 and then modified again by Weatherl et al (2021).…”

Section: 14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining groundwater recharge for quantifying PFAS mass discharge from unsaturated source zones

Newell,

Stockwell,

Alanis

et al. 2023

Vadose Zone Journal

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Soil-to-groundwater contaminant mass discharge (M d ) is the authoritative metric defining source strength at sites impacted by per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and is increasingly being reported. Accurate estimates of groundwater recharge at representative spatial scales, however, is critical to quantitatively estimating M d , which to date has received comparatively little attention relative to PFAS-specific partitioning and retention processes within unsaturated zone source areas despite a plethora of available literature. The objective of this review is to summarize the concept of M d as it applies to PFAS-impacted sites, present standardized terminology, and collate published literature on groundwater recharge for Abbreviations: A, area of vadose zone source; a, fraction of precipitation that is converted to recharge (unitless); AFFF, aqueous film-forming foam; ASTM, Formerly American Society for Testing and Materials; AWI, air-water interfacial adsorption; CFS, chlorofluorocarbons; C gw , concentration of PFAS in groundwater downgradient of a PFAS unsaturated zone source area (mass per volume); C L , concentration of PFAS in porewater in the unsaturated source zone; C P , porewater concentration; C sw , maximum concentration of the contaminant from a groundwater supply well if the plume is fully captured by the well (mass per volume); C uz , concentration of chloride in unsaturated zone; d, mixing zone depth (length); d a , aquifer thickness (length); DAF, dilution-attenuation factor; DEP,

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Estimating surface runoff and groundwater recharge in an urban catchment using a water balance approach

Cited by 19 publications

References 114 publications

Catchment‐Wide Groundwater Budget for the Inkomati‐Usuthu Water Management Area in South Africa

Catchment‐Wide Groundwater Budget for the Inkomati‐Usuthu Water Management Area in South Africa

Exploring urban growth–climate change–flood risk nexus in fast growing cities

Determining groundwater recharge for quantifying PFAS mass discharge from unsaturated source zones

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