Estimating Superpopulation Size and Annual Probability of Breeding for Pond-Breeding Salamanders

Kinkead, Karen E.; Otis, David L.

doi:10.1655/0018-0831(2007)63[151:essaap]2.0.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our results, as well as those by other researchers (i.e., Bailey et al, 2004a;Kinkead & Otis, 2007), collectively support the notion that Plethodontid salamander populations exhibit significant levels of temporary emigration. Previous studies of terrestrial Plethodontid salamanders have documented high rates of temporary emigration, with an average of 87% of individuals being unavailable for capture during each primary period (Bailey et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The importance of estimating probability of temporary emigration has been demonstrated in a variety of animals, especially species that breed in defined areas [i.e., sea turtles (Kendall & Bjorkland, 2001); pond-breeding amphibians (Bailey et al, 2004b;Muths et al, 2006;Kinkead & Otis, 2007); marine mammals (Schwarz & Stobo, 1997)] and those that utilize subterranean refugia [i.e., voles (Kendall et al, 1997)]. Our results, as well as those by other researchers (i.e., Bailey et al, 2004a;Kinkead & Otis, 2007), collectively support the notion that Plethodontid salamander populations exhibit significant levels of temporary emigration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating survival of a streamside salamander: importance of temporary emigration, capture response, and location

et al. 2011

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Estimating survival for highly secretive aquatic animals, such as stream salamanders, presents numerous challenges. Salamanders often spend a considerable time in refugia where they are difficult to capture. Few studies have calculated vital rates for stream salamanders, yet the need is substantial as they are threatened by a wide range of land-use stressors, especially urban development. In this study, we used 34 months of continuous field samples collected at an urban and undisturbed stream and robust design markrecapture analysis to evaluate the importance of temporary emigration, capture response, and location on survival estimates of the salamander Desmognathus fuscus. We constructed a set of candidate models incorporating combinations of time-and locationvarying capture and recapture probabilities, capture responses, temporary emigration, and survival estimates and ranked models using Akaike's Information Criterion. We found strong support for monthspecific capture probabilities, recapture probabilities, temporary emigration and a negative behavioral response to capture in the majority of months. We found no support for variation in capture probabilities, recapture probabilities, and temporary emigration between locations. However, we found that location strongly influenced survival estimates. Specifically, survival estimates were significantly higher at the undisturbed site than at the urban site. Our results emphasize the importance of estimating capture probabilities, recapture probabilities, capture response, and temporary emigration when evaluating survival in highly secretive aquatic animals. Failure to account for these population parameters will likely yield biased estimates of survival in freshwater animal populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating survival of a streamside salamander: importance of temporary emigration, capture response, and location

et al. 2011

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“…About 20% to 40% of the turtles in the sampled area from year to year were estimated to be unavailable for capture in traps during each primary sample period. Estimates are relatively high, but fall within the range of temporary emigration estimates obtained in other species using a similar methodology (Kendall and Bjorkland 2001, Bailey et al 2004, Fre´tey et al 2004, Bradford et al 2006, Karanth et al 2006, Muths et al 2006, Kinkead and Otis 2007. Temporary emigration may be caused by individuals moving outside the trapping area.…”

Section: Modeling Temporary Emigrationsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Heterogeneity in these European pond turtle populations could be the source of the slight lack of fit we observed in our goodness-of-fit tests. We suspect that such effects on capture and recapture probabilities are relatively common in many species of reptiles and amphibians (Lowe 2003, Bailey et al 2004, Fre´tey et al 2004, Muths et al 2006, Kinkead and Otis 2007, Mazerolle et al 2007, and because these probabilities are influenced by many factors they need to be estimated in each study.…”

Section: Modeling Capture Probabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing spatial and temporal population dynamics of cryptic species: an example with the European pond turtle

Olivier

Barbraud

Rosecchi

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

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Within the current context of biodiversity loss a number of biodiversity indicators have been developed to help measure the state of nature and how it is changing. However, most indicators are derived from bird populations. Reptiles and amphibians could be useful ecosystem indicators, but this requires obtaining precise and unbiased population parameters. This is a particularly challenging task for these two groups of species, because individuals are extremely difficult to detect for various reasons. We illustrate the use of a sampling and analytical method that explicitly takes into account imperfect detection to assess the population dynamics of a reptile species and its temporal and spatial variation. European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) were sampled at two different locations during a 10-year study. The two sites differed by their water management regimes and number of livestock. At each site and for each sex, the data were modeled using a robust design capture-mark-recapture framework to obtain and compare estimates of survival, temporary emigration, time-specific abundance, density, and population growth rate, while taking into account effects of individual heterogeneity, trap-response, and time on capture probabilities. Temporary emigration was higher in males (0.344 +/- 0.046) (mean +/- SE) than in females (0.228 +/- 0.071), did not differ between sites for each sex, and was mainly Markovian. Apparent adult survival was higher in females (0.966 +/- 0.031) than in males (0.864 +/- 0.024), and was negatively related to the proportion of individuals with repaired shell fractures in the population. Average density was 63.7 +/- 6.6 turtles/km2 but was higher for females (39.2 +/- 14.0 females/km2) than for males (23.5 +/- 5.7 males/km2). The population sizes of males and females decreased where long periods of artificial drought and the highest density of livestock occurred. This research highlights differences in demographic parameters according to sex and site in a turtle species, and it provides evidence that significant human-induced disturbance represents a potential risk to European pond turtle populations. The sampling and analytical approaches illustrated in this study are applicable to many other species of reptiles and amphibians, and estimated population parameters could be combined to produce population indicators useful for conservation and management.

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“…We focus on two species that are aquatic as embryos and larvae, but leave their natal pools after metamorphosis, only to return during annual breeding events. The spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) is long-lived and refrains from breeding during some years [19][20][21]. Conversely, the wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) typically lives less than half as long and may depend on annual reproductive output for population persistence [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buffer-Mediated Effects of Clearcutting on In-Pool Amphibian Productivity: Can Aquatic Processes Compensate for Terrestrial Habitat Disturbance?

Powell

Babbitt

2016

Forests

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Natural resource extraction and wildlife conservation are often perceived as incompatible. For wetland-dependent amphibians, forested buffers may mitigate timber-harvest impacts, but little empirical research has focused on buffers around lentic habitats. We conducted a landscape experiment to examine how spotted salamander and wood frog reproductive output (i.e., eggmass and metamorph production) respond to clearcutting mediated by buffers of different widths (i.e., uncut, 30 m buffer, 100 m buffer) at ephemeral pools in an industrial forest. We found complex interactions between buffer treatment and reproductive output, which were strongly mediated by hydroperiod. Overall, reproductive output was most sensitive at 30 m-buffer pools and for salamanders, but responses diverged across productivity metrics even within these categories. Notably, for both cut treatments over time, while salamander eggmass abundance decreased, metamorph productivity (i.e., snout-vent length [SVL] and abundance) tended to increase. For example, average metamorph SVLs were predicted to lengthen between 0.2 and 0.4 mm per year post-cut. Additionally, typical relationships between reproductive output and hydroperiod (as indicated by the reference treatment) were disrupted for both species in both cut treatments. For example, long-hydroperiod pools produced more salamander metamorphs than short-hydroperiod pools in both the reference and 30 m-buffer treatments, but the rate of increase was lower in the 30 m-buffer treatment such that a long-hydroperiod pool in the reference treatment was predicted to produce, on average, 24 more metamorphs than a similar pool in the 30 m-buffer treatment. From a conservation perspective, our results highlight the importance of evaluating both terrestrial and aquatic responses to terrestrial habitat disturbance, since responses may be reinforcing (i.e., exert similarly positive or negative effects, with the potential for amplification in the aquatic habitat) or decoupled (i.e., operate independently or be negatively correlated, with responses in the aquatic habitat potentially dampening or counteracting responses in the terrestrial habitat).

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Estimating Superpopulation Size and Annual Probability of Breeding for Pond-Breeding Salamanders

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Estimating survival of a streamside salamander: importance of temporary emigration, capture response, and location

Estimating survival of a streamside salamander: importance of temporary emigration, capture response, and location

Assessing spatial and temporal population dynamics of cryptic species: an example with the European pond turtle

Buffer-Mediated Effects of Clearcutting on In-Pool Amphibian Productivity: Can Aquatic Processes Compensate for Terrestrial Habitat Disturbance?

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