Estimating solid wood properties using Pilodyn and acoustic velocity on standing trees of Norway spruce

Chen, Zhiqiang; Karlsson, Bo; Lundqvist, Sven‐Olof; Gil, Maria Rosario Garcia; Olsson, Lars E.; Wu, Harry X.

doi:10.1007/s13595-015-0458-9

Cited by 67 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Growth and wood density (Pilodyn penetration) traits were observed to have a greater probability of improvement than other traits. This may indirectly indicate that spatial analyses could greatly improve genetic analyses of wood density measured using the Pilodyn method (Chen et al 2015). Spatial autocorrelation coefficients for the growth traits and wood density were higher than those for other traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Efficiency of using spatial analysis for Norway spruce progeny tests in Sweden

Chen

Helmersson

Westin

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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Key message Spatial analysis could improve the accuracy of genetic analyses, as well as increasing the accuracy of predicting breeding values and genetic gain for Norway spruce trials. Context Spatial analysis has been increasingly used in genetic evaluation of field trials in tree species. However, the efficiency of spatial analysis relative to the analysis using the conventional experimental designs or pre- and post-blocking method in Swedish genetic trials has not been systematically evaluated. Aims This study aims to examine the effectiveness of spatial analysis in improving the accuracy of predicting breeding values and genetic gain. Methods Spatial analysis, using separable first-order autoregressive processes of residuals in rows and columns, was used in nine types of trait classes from 145 field trials of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in Sweden. Results Ninety-six percent of variables (traits) were converged for the spatial model. Large trials with a large block variance tend to have a larger improvement from the model of experimental design to spatial model in accuracy. Growth and Pilodyn measurement traits showed greater improvements in log likelihood, accuracy, and genetic gain. Block variance was reduced by more than 80% for trait height and diameter using spatial analysis, indicating that it is more effective using both pre-blocking and post-blocking analyses in Swedish Norway spruce trials. The prediction accuracy for diameter and height for progeny breeding values showed an increase of 3.6 and 3.4%, respectively. The improvement of efficiency for growth traits is also related to the geographical location of test sites, tree age, number of survival trees, and the spacing of the trial. Conclusion The spatial analysis approach is more efficient in Swedish Norway spruce trials than the conventional methods using models based on the experimental design.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Efficiency of using spatial analysis for Norway spruce progeny tests in Sweden

Chen

Helmersson

Westin

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Despite such measurement variation, both traits, PP and SWV, exhibited high levels of heritability [20] and thus were used as breeding selection criteria for many species. MOE calculation from the combined measurements of PP and SWV showed a high genetic correlation with benchmark MOE obtained from felled logs [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…For example, variation can be expected when measuring the same tree on different sides, particularly if the plantation site is inclined. Moura et al [19] found that Pilodyn penetration is unreliable to screen density at the individual tree level; however, measurements of PP taken after stabilization of density and modulus of elasticity (MOE) can provide reliable data for genetic selection [7]. Similar conclusions were drawn for SWV by Paradis et al [16] when screening black spruce (Picea mariana (P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Karst.) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) [7,8], suggesting that selection on the basis of mass production alone can negatively affect wood properties. Similar negative correlations were found in numerous other species [9]; however, because correlations between growth and wood quality traits were found to vary among subpopulations and families, this variation allows for simultaneous improvement of both traits [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the stress-wave velocity, i.e., the time it takes a stress wave to travel a fixed distance through the tree, was found to be a valuable parameter, strongly correlated to the modulus of elasticity (often referred to as wood stiffness) and wood density [15,16]. Together, Pilodyn penetration and stress wave velocity measurements on standing trees are simple and effective non-destructive methods for assessing required data in terms of indirect tests of wood quality [7,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid Wood Properties Assessed by Non-Destructive Measurements of Standing European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.): Environmental Effects on Variation within and among Trees and Forest Stands

Škorpík

Konrad

Geburek

et al. 2018

Forests

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Abstract:To avoid unintentional loss of wood quality when selecting for higher productivity in tree breeding programs, non-destructive methods for fast and reliable assessment of wood quality on standing trees are required. In this study, we tested and applied Pilodyn penetration (PP) and measures of stress wave velocity (SWV) in trees within a European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) breeding program. Through testing PP in 4267 trees on 21 afforestation sites across a broad climatic spectrum, we analysed the effects of climate, tree age, and site conditions on PP. Moreover, detailed measures within two selected stands allowed us to estimate measurement variation within and among trees in relation to the measurement angle and individual tree characteristics. We found significant variation of PP and SWV among forests stands, single trees, and even within trees, if measured on opposite sides in mountainous terrain. Both measurements exhibited a high degree of genetic determination, i.e., repeatability was 0.32-0.61 for PP and 0.56 for SWV, respectively. The obtained estimates for wood stiffness were comparable to measures on harvested wood samples of European or hybrid larch. Our results demonstrate that the integration of wood quality parameters into larch breeding programs is highly recommended, and reliable tools are available. Results are discussed in relation to environmental and measurement variation and methods to optimize field measurements are suggested.

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