Estimating reflectivity values from wind turbines for analyzing the potential impact on weather radar services

Angulo, Itziar; Grande, O.; Jenn, D.C.; Guerra, D.; Vega, David

doi:10.5194/amt-8-2183-2015

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Values for RCS calculated by detailed modeling of a typical wind turbine (Angulo et al 2015) are in the scope of 49-68 dB. The residual signal after standard Doppler filtering depends on configurable filter attenuation and on the distance between radar and turbine.…”

Section: Discussion Of Some Aspects Of the Proposed Model 41 Neglecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), the turbine itself (shape and materials), weather radar components (antenna, electronic parts, signal processing), and their relative movement etc. (Bobillot et al 2012) At the other end there are very simplified models based on theoretical simulations of RCS (Radar Cross Section) of a typical, idealised (and simplified) turbine model, converted into radar reflectivity with the assumption that the whole wind turbine is included within the radar beam (Angulo et al 2015). The first approach requires a lot of effort and powerful computers to reach its results and has to be performed when the coexistence of wind farm and weather radar is unavoidable, and we also have to be aware of the detailed impact on different radar products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simplified model for calculation of clutters caused by wind turbines

Dziewit

Bucki

2017

Meteorol. Hydrol. Water Manage.

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Abstract. Several methodological attempts were made to assess the potential impact of a planned wind turbines on the operational work of weather radar. International recommendations for co-location have been established and incorporated in many countries. The main point of these recommendations states that the location of a wind turbine any part of which reaches RLOS (Radar Line Of Sight) requires the analysis of its impact on radar performance.The growing number of applications for the technical assessment of planned wind farms demand the use of a simple method of calculation for the first step of the authorization process.A typical wind turbine consists of several metallic parts. Based on the assumption that only moving, metallic parts of a turbine cause echoes indelible by standard filtering used in radar signal preprocessing, a method of preliminary evaluation of such maximum potential clutters was developed. The method takes into account how great a part of a turbine is really illuminated by a radar beam and for this part calculates a RCS (Radar Cross Section) and its equivalent radar reflectivity. A very detailed description of the model is given in this article in order for it to be easy to implement in any calculation system. Discussion of the influence of the main simplifications assumed in this model, as well as a comparison of the theoretical results with example data in operational mode of radar work, are included in this article.

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Section: Discussion Of Some Aspects Of the Proposed Model 41 Neglecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified model for calculation of clutters caused by wind turbines

Dziewit

Bucki

2017

Meteorol. Hydrol. Water Manage.

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“…Large array-arranged wind turbines would induce serious reradiation interference to nearby radar stations, due to the site conflict between wind farm and radar stations [1][2][3]. According to the basic radar equation, a way for suppressing this interference by reducing the radar cross-section (RCS) on wind turbine side was proposed [4,5]. In addition, the rotational motion of the wind turbine blades will cause the RCS to change with time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic radar cross-section characteristic analysis of wind turbine based onscaled model experimental

Tang¹,

Chen²,

Huang³

et al. 2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Accurately acquiring and analyzing the dynamic radar cross-section (RCS) of wind turbine have a great significance to solve the reradiation interference between wind farms and radar stations. Since the results of highfrequency approximation algorithm are only applicable to the qualitative analysis of electromagnetic scattering, it is almost impossible to accurately acquire the dynamic RCS of wind turbine in actual engineering cases. To this end, we proposed to acquire the dynamic RCS of wind turbine based on the scaled model experimental measurement in a large anechoic chamber. The key techniques of setting up the scaled model as well as the experimental platform were described based on the principle of electromagnetic similarity. The accuracy of experimental result is verified by the comparison with numerical calculation and full-sized experiment reported in literature. By using the control variable method, we were able to measure and analyze the amplitude and phase variation of dynamic RCS with frequency, azimuth, and rotational speed, and achieved the transformation of RCS data into engineering practice. This not only lays a foundation for solving the reradiation interference between wind farms and radar stations, but also provides data support for subsequent theoretical research.

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“…By directing the radar towards the wind turbines, they found that the turbines give rise to complex but characteristic patterns in the time-frequency domain. Mitigation schemes, based on the observed spectral characteristics of wind turbines, have (Gallardo et al, 2008;Bachmann et al, 2010a, b). However, to observe the characteristic pattern of a wind turbine in the frequency domain, the radar should dwell on the target for a period of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply to referee #1

Norin¹

2017

Preprint

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For the past 2 decades wind turbines have been growing in number all over the world as a response to the increasing demand for renewable energy. However, the rapid expansion of wind turbines presents a problem for many radar systems, including weather radars. Wind turbines in the line of sight of a weather radar can have a negative impact on the radar's measurements. As weather radars are important instruments for meteorological offices, finding a way for wind turbines and weather radars to co-exist would be of great societal value.Doppler weather radars base their measurements on inphase and quadrature phase (I/Q) data. In this work a month's worth of recordings of high-resolution I/Q data from an operational Swedish C-band weather radar are presented. The impact of point targets, such as masts and wind turbines, on the I/Q data is analysed and characterised. It is shown that the impact of point targets on single radar pulses, when normalised by amplitude, is manifested as a distinct and highly repeatable signature. The shape of this signature is found to be independent of the size, shape and yaw angle of the wind turbine. It is further demonstrated how the robustness of the point target signature can be used to identify and filter out the impact of wind turbines in the radar's signal processor.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Estimating reflectivity values from wind turbines for analyzing the potential impact on weather radar services

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Simplified model for calculation of clutters caused by wind turbines

Simplified model for calculation of clutters caused by wind turbines

Dynamic radar cross-section characteristic analysis of wind turbine based onscaled model experimental

Reply to referee #1

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