Estimating potential air quality impact of airports on children attending the surrounding schools

Henry, Ronald C.; Mohan, Subha; Yazdani, Shahram

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.046

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Aircraft emissions are associated with biomarkers of exposure, biomarkers of disease and health outcomes both for exposed workers [ 36 , 41 , 52 , 83 , 84 , 86 – 90 , 92 , 100 – 103 , 105 ] and for the general population living down-wind of airports [ 59 , 66 , 94 – 97 , 107 , 112 ]. Occupational exposure to aircraft emissions were associated with: Biomarkers of exposure to jet fuel emissions Biomarkers of genotoxic exposure Self-reported respiratory distress …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More studies reported increased risk of exposure correlating with decreased distance to airports [ 94 – 96 ] and time spent downwind from an airport [ 97 ], hence a significant factor for potential health effects for neighboring residential areas based on these studies is distance to airports, which relating to wind and atmospheric conditions is an important determinant for pollution levels.…”

Section: Exposure Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified a limited number of studies and one report reporting correlations between airport emission levels and health effects of residents in the vicinity of airports: Aircraft emission levels were associated with increased hospitalization for asthma, respiratory, and heart conditions especially in susceptible subgroups such as children below 5 years of age, elderly above 65 years of age [ 66 , 94 ] and lower socioeconomic groups [ 97 , 112 ]. A Dutch report on Schiphol similarly reported that school children and adults took more medication and had more respiratory complaint on days with increased exposure to aircraft emissions and concludes that health effects of air traffic emissions are similar to those caused by road traffic [ 59 ].…”

Section: Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of health effects associated with exposure to jet engine emissions in and around airports

et al. 2021

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Background Airport personnel are at risk of occupational exposure to jet engine emissions, which similarly to diesel exhaust emissions include volatile organic compounds and particulate matter consisting of an inorganic carbon core with associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. Diesel exhaust is classified as carcinogenic and the particulate fraction has in itself been linked to several adverse health effects including cancer. Method In this review, we summarize the available scientific literature covering human health effects of exposure to airport emissions, both in occupational settings and for residents living close to airports. We also report the findings from the limited scientific mechanistic studies of jet engine emissions in animal and cell models. Results Jet engine emissions contain large amounts of nano-sized particles, which are particularly prone to reach the lower airways upon inhalation. Size of particles and emission levels depend on type of aircraft, engine conditions, and fuel type, as well as on operation modes. Exposure to jet engine emissions is reported to be associated with biomarkers of exposure as well as biomarkers of effect among airport personnel, especially in ground-support functions. Proximity to running jet engines or to the airport as such for residential areas is associated with increased exposure and with increased risk of disease, increased hospital admissions and self-reported lung symptoms. Conclusion We conclude that though the literature is scarce and with low consistency in methods and measured biomarkers, there is evidence that jet engine emissions have physicochemical properties similar to diesel exhaust particles, and that exposure to jet engine emissions is associated with similar adverse health effects as exposure to diesel exhaust particles and other traffic emissions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exposure Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of health effects associated with exposure to jet engine emissions in and around airports

et al. 2021

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“…The wind speed and direction at a point was determined as the inverse-distance-squared weighted average of the wind velocity components from these two sites. The equations for the trajectory and other NTA calculations are detailed in Henry (2008) and most recently in Henry et al (2019) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Years of High Time-resolution Air Pollution Monitoring in the Complex Multi-source Harbor of New York and New Jersey

Hagler

Birkett

Henry

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In densely developed port areas with numerous emissions sources, relating measured air quality changes to source emissions is challenging given the geographic density of sources without unique pollutant composition source signatures. To better understand air quality during increasing emission controls at the Port of New York and New Jersey ("Port"), an air monitoring station was sited to minimize collinearity of sources along ordinal directions. The study area includes an international airport, interstate highway, port terminals and shipping lanes, and industrial sources, as well as typical urban emissions of a megacity. Because air flow travel time from sources to the monitor were usually much less than one hour, minute-by-minute, high-precision data were collected

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“…Numerous studies show the importance of exhaust gas emissions in the LTO cycle. Aircraft engine emissions, as an important source of pollution, have a direct impact on air quality near airports and the health of people, especially those living near airports 20–23 . Ekici et al 24 calculated the HC, CO, and NO x amounts in the LTO cycle for the five major Turkish airports, noting that the highest emissions were from Istanbul Ataturk Airport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of emission and environmental parameters of different commercial high by‐pass turbofan engines throughout landing and take‐off cycle

Sheikhi

Aygün

2022

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Achieving more eco-friendly aircraft propulsion systems is of paramount importance in the aerospace industry since their exhaust emissions possess an important influence on the depletion of ozone layer. In this work, 24 turbofan engines having the close thrust ranging from 117 to 133 kN are examined using energetic, exergetic, and exergo-environmental tools throughout the LTO cycle involving take-off, climb-out, approach, and taxi-out phases. According to emission findings, the highest CO emission indexes (CO EIs) of the engines vary from 13.77 to 40.1 g/kg fuel in the idle phase; whereas the highest NO x EIs change from 18.4 to 64.36 g/kg fuel at take-off phase. Moreover, the highest exergy efficiency (ExEFF) of the turbofan engines vary between 15.88% and 24.31% at the climb-out phase whilst the lowest ExEFF change between 4.59% and 7.46% at the idle phase. Moreover, the idle phase is observed to have the highest wasted exergy ratio (WExR) varying from 18.5% to 19%; whereas the climb-out phase enjoys the lowest WExR changing from 15.11% to 16.8%. As a new index, specific irreversibility production (SIP) of the engines is observed to range from 0.297 to 0.497 MW/kN at the taxi-out phase; while SIP becomes the minimum at the climb-out phase, changing from 0.138 to 0.269 MW/kN. It could be deduced that since by-pass ratio and compressor pressure ratio of the engines have significant influences on exergetic and emission values, increasing the thrust of the engine does not mean raising its emission value or wasted exergy ratio. It is thought that this study helps find optimum design variables leading to the lowest environmental effect.

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Estimating potential air quality impact of airports on children attending the surrounding schools

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

A review of health effects associated with exposure to jet engine emissions in and around airports

A review of health effects associated with exposure to jet engine emissions in and around airports

Three Years of High Time-resolution Air Pollution Monitoring in the Complex Multi-source Harbor of New York and New Jersey

Assessment of emission and environmental parameters of different commercial high by‐pass turbofan engines throughout landing and take‐off cycle

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