Estimating overlap of daily activity patterns from camera trap data

Ridout, Martin S.; Linkie, Matthew

doi:10.1198/jabes.2009.08038

Cited by 976 publications

(1,037 citation statements)

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“…species that were active both day and night) (RomeroMuñoz et al, 2010;Foster et al, 2013). These analyses were also performed in the software R, using the approach developed by Ridout & Linkie (2009).…”

Section: Nature Conservation Research заповедная наука 2018 3(2):mentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Porfírio¹,

Foster²,

Sarmento³

et al. 2018

Nat. Cons. Res.

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Although known globally for its biodiversity, only around 5% of the Brazilian Pantanal is protected. The Network for Protection and Conservation of Amolar Mountain Ridge is an informal initiative that legally protects over 2000 km 2 of the Pantanal biome. Several camera-trapping surveys were carried out at Amolar Mountain Ridge from August 2011 to September 2013 in order to increase our knowledge of the species occurrence and its ecological requirements. The aims of this study were : 1) to inventory the carnivore species occurring within this network of protected areas; 2) to describe their activity patterns and 3) to discuss threats for those species' conservation in the region. We used the Kernel density method to describe the species' activity patterns. We obtained 764 records (from 12703 camera-days) of eight carnivores, including endangered species in Brazil, such as the jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), that were among the most frequently recorded by camera traps. The other species detected were the South America coati (Nasua nasua), the tayra (Eira barbara), the crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) and the jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi). We provided information on activity patterns of the jaguar and puma, which exhibited cathemeral activity patterns, on the ocelot and crab-eating fox, which were mostly nocturnal, and on the Southern coati and jaguarundi, which were diurnal. Scansorial and species that occur naturally in low densities as the tayra and the crab-eating raccoon were difficult to be detected with the used camera trapping setting. However, due to the natural characteristics of the study area, camera trapping is among the most appropriate tools for providing data about carnivores and their prey. This information is essential to delineate conservation plans for Amolar Mountain Ridge.

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Section: Nature Conservation Research заповедная наука 2018 3(2):mentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Porfírio¹,

Foster²,

Sarmento³

et al. 2018

Nat. Cons. Res.

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“…We defined an independent record as all photographs belonging to one species taken by each sampling station within a onehour span. We assessed the level of activity overlapping between species by the coefficient of overlapping Δ 1 , a coefficient specially developed for circular data, such as those obtained with camera traps, which ranges from 0 (no overlap) to 1 (complete overlap) (Ridout and Linkie 2009). We also calculated the 95 % confidence intervals for the coefficient from 10, 000 replicates by the bootstraps method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density and activity pattern of Leopardus wiedii and Leopardus pardalis in Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico

Pérez-Irineo

Santos‐Moreno

Hernández‐Sánchez

2017

Therya

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The margay, Leopardus wiedii, and the ocelot, L. pardalis, are sympatric species through their distribution areas. Some studies indicate that L. pardalis exerts a strong influence on other smaller felids. Our goal in this study was to estimate the density and activity patterns of these felid species in two vegetation types at Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, southwestern Mexico. We expected that L. pardalis had a high density relative to other felids due to its ecological plasticity, as well as segregation in the activity pattern between species. We placed camera traps in 22 sites in the semi-evergreen forest and 22 sites in the cloud forest, from July 2014 to June 2015. We estimated density using the Cormack-Jolly-Seber probabilistic model with the program MARK and assessed the degree of activity overlapping between species by the coefficient of overlapping Δ 1 in the program R. We recorded low abundance of L. pardalis (8.3 individuals) and a higher abundance of L. wiedii (51.5 individuals). The density of both species was 7.8 individuals /100 km 2 and 81 individuals/100 km 2 , respectively. Both species displayed predominantly nocturnal activity. The overlap coefficient between species in the semi-evergreen forest was high (Δ 1 = 0.75, CI = 0.63-0.90). Factors such as differences in vegetation type and the presence of a large number of transient individuals may influence the density of Leopardus. The lower density of L. pardalis and the high conservation status of the cloud forest may contribute to the higher density of L. wiedii in Sierra Norte of Oaxaca. Our results suggested that both species showed a highly overlapping activity pattern, and the activity pattern of the margay is seemingly unaffected by the presence of the ocelot. We provided information about density and activity of medium-sized felids, as well as on the factors that may potentially affect these patterns in mountain tropical forests.El margay Leopardus wiedii y el ocelote L. pardalis son simpátricos a través de sus distribuciones. Algunos estudios indican que L. pardalis ejerce una influencia fuerte en otros felinos más pequeños. Nuestro objetivo fue estimar la densidad y el patrón de actividad de estos felinos en dos tipos de vegetación en la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, en el Sureste de México. Esperábamos que L. pardalis presentara una densidad alta en comparación con otros félidos, debido a su plasticidad ecológica y también, esperábamos una segregación en el patrón de actividad entre especies. Ubicamos 22 sitios con trampas cámara en la selva mediana y 22 sitios en el bosque mesófilo de julio 2014 a junio 2015. Estimamos la densidad usando el modelo probabilístico de Cormack-Jolly-Seber con el programa MARK y evaluamos el grado de sobreposición de la actividad entre especies por medio del coeficiente de sobreposición Δ 1 en el programa R. Registramos una abundancia poblacional baja de L. pardalis (8.3 individuos) y una mayor de L. wiedii (51.5 individuos). La densidad poblacional de ambas especies fue 7.8 individuos/100 km 2 y 81 individuos/100 km 2...

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“…The time at which an event occurs, such as the epileptic seizures of a patient during the day, can also be analyzed as circular data. Regarding possible applications, Ridout and Linkie (2009), Linkie and Ridout (2011), and Lynam et al (2013), for example, used circular models to study the activity patterns of wild cats using camera-trap data. Fernández-Durán (2004) developed a family of univariate densities for circular data based on nonnegative trigonometric sums (Fejér 1916).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CircNNTSR: AnRPackage for the Statistical Analysis of Circular, Multivariate Circular, and Spherical Data Using Nonnegative Trigonometric Sums

Fernández-Durán¹,

Gregorio-Domínguez²

2016

J. Stat. Soft.

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The statistical analysis of circular, multivariate circular, and spherical data is very important in different areas, such as paleomagnetism, astronomy and biology. The use of nonnegative trigonometric sums allows for the construction of flexible probability models for these types of data to model datasets with skewness and multiple modes. The R package CircNNTSR includes functions to plot, fit by maximum likelihood, and simulate models based on nonnegative trigonometric sums for circular, multivariate circular, and spherical data. For maximum likelihood estimation of the models for the three different types of data an efficient Newton-like algorithm on a hypersphere is used. Examples of applications of the functions provided in the CircNNTSR package to actual and simulated datasets are presented and it is shown how the package can be used to test for uniformity, homogeneity, and independence using likelihood ratio tests.

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Estimating overlap of daily activity patterns from camera trap data

Cited by 976 publications

References 20 publications

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Density and activity pattern of Leopardus wiedii and Leopardus pardalis in Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico

CircNNTSR: AnRPackage for the Statistical Analysis of Circular, Multivariate Circular, and Spherical Data Using Nonnegative Trigonometric Sums

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