Estimating Overall Sample Train Efficiency

Smith, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1979.10470887

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…From the literature review, 2,17,18,25,26,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] the following conclusions are drawn:…”

Section: Arsenic Sampling Methods: Conclusion Drawn From a Literature...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a sampling train for arsenic in pyrolysis vapours resulting from pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood waste

Helsen

Bulck

Cooreman

et al. 2003

J. Environ. Monitor.

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In the present study a sampling and analysis method for arsenic emissions during pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood, such as chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated wood, has been developed. The procedure is based on the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) standard for arsenic trioxide sampling. Validation for this specific application is needed since pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood leads to a gas stream containing sticky tar compounds and aerosols. Validation was carried out through tube furnace experiments using both CCA treated wood and arsenic trioxide powder as input. The outlet of the tube furnace was coupled to a cooling section and sampling train. The sampling train consisted of one or more filter sections and impingers. Different combinations of filters (untreated or impregnated) and impingers, as well as different combinations of washing solutions were tested. The different units of the sampling train were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in order to determine the distribution of arsenic over the different units. For the working conditions considered (pyrolysis at 350 uC for 20 minutes with a nitrogen flow rate of 100 Nl h 21 ) the combination of a quartz cooling tube and a cellulose ester membrane filter impregnated with a Na 2 CO 3 -glycerol solution was sufficient to capture the arsenic. Two extra impingers (the first one containing 50 ml HNO 3 1 M in the case of CCA treated wood and 50 ml NaOH 0.1 M in the case of As 2 O 3 and the second one containing 50 ml NaOH 0.1 M) were added downstream of the filter section as backup either in case of filter failure or to check whether all the arsenic released is captured by the cooling tube and filter.

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“…From the literature review, 2,17,18,25,26,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] the following conclusions are drawn:…”

Section: Arsenic Sampling Methods: Conclusion Drawn From a Literature...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a sampling train for arsenic in pyrolysis vapours resulting from pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood waste

Helsen

Bulck

Cooreman

et al. 2003

J. Environ. Monitor.

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“…By applying this sampling technique to the ambient air in Los Angeles at a rooftop of UCLA Geology Building, with a modification by adding the third filter (KOH-impregnated), the overall trapping efficiencies of gaseous organic acids on the second and third KOHimpregnated filters combined are estimated to be 99.9% (June 10-11, 1984) and 99.1% (September 21,1984), respectively, based on the methods proposed by Smith. 48) Trapping efficiencies were estimated as 98% and 91% for the second filter alone.…”

Section: Distributions Of Lmw Monoacidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical studies of low molecular weight organic acids in the atmosphere: sources, formation pathways, and gas/particle partitioning

Kawamura

2023

Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B

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Low molecular weight monocarboxylic acids (LMW monoacids, C 1 –C 10 ) are the most abundant gaseous organic compound class in the atmosphere. Formic or acetic acid is the dominant volatile organic compound (VOC) in Earth’s atmosphere. They can largely contribute to rainwater acidity, especially in the tropical forest, and react with alkaline metals, ammonia, and amines, contributing to new particle formation and secondary organic aerosol production. Gaseous and particulate LMW monoacids were abundantly reported in China. They can be directly emitted from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burring; however, the secondary formation is more important than primary emissions via the photochemical oxidation of anthropogenic and biogenic VOCs. In this paper, we review the distributions of LMW monoacids from urban, mountain, and marine sites as well as from rainwater and alpine snow samples and discuss their sources and formation mechanisms in the atmosphere. We also discuss their importance as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and provide future perspectives of LMW monoacids study in the warming world.

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General sampling techniques

Pio¹

1986

Handbook of Air Pollution Analysis

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Estimating Overall Sample Train Efficiency

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Development of a sampling train for arsenic in pyrolysis vapours resulting from pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood waste

Development of a sampling train for arsenic in pyrolysis vapours resulting from pyrolysis of arsenic containing wood waste

Geochemical studies of low molecular weight organic acids in the atmosphere: sources, formation pathways, and gas/particle partitioning

General sampling techniques

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