Estimating lung cancer mortality attributable to second hand smoke exposure in Germany

Becher, Heiko; Belau, Matthias Hans; Winkler, Volker; Aigner, Annette

doi:10.1007/s00038-017-1022-1

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…11 In most of the studies the sensitivity analyses tested the impact of different assumptions in terms of RRs, SHS prevalence and exposure definition. 13,27,[39][40]44,49,52,[57][58][59]54,64,[66][67]69,76,80 The inclusion of current smokers and former smokers in the sensitivity analyses for acute coronary syndrome is noteworthy, given that smokers and former smokers experienced nearly as much a reduction as non-smokers in disease-specific admissions after the smoking ban in public places and workplaces. 84 Limit of this study is that papers not in English language, proceedings of conferences, and grey literature were not included in the systematic review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the surveys, exposure in the house or in the workplace was assessed by asking if participants were ever [57][58][59][60][61][62][63] , daily 46,64 or at least once per week 38,43,64-67 exposed to SHS. Household exposure was also assessed by asking whether smoking was allowed in the house [48][49]68 or, in some cases, whether living with a smoker 33,44,[69][70] , or, for children, whether parents smoked.…”

Section: Population Attributable Fraction: Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several studies, a univariate sensitivity analysis, changing various inputs and assumptions of the main analysis one at time, was performed in order to evaluate the robustness of the estimates. Some studies tested the lower and upper limits of the RRs or SHS prevalence estimates 13,27,40,44,54,[57][58][59]64,49,69,52,76,80 . Waters et al 37 , who used a simplified CRA approach using PAF estimated for other populations, tested the PAF's ranges in a sensitivity analysis.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke exposure: A systematic review

Carreras¹,

Lugo²,

Gallus³

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Population Attributable Fraction: Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke exposure: A systematic review

Carreras¹,

Lugo²,

Gallus³

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine

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“…IARC classified smoking as the cause of haematopoietic tumours, larynx, squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth, throat cancer, bronchitis, esophagus, pancreas, kidney, bladder, lung cancer, large intestine, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, bladder, and cervical cancer. There is also evidence showing that smoking can cause breast cancer and leukemia in children [26,30,33]. Passive smoking is also carcinogenic, the smoke rising from the glowing tip of the cigarette is four times more harmful than that inhaled by the smoker.…”

Section: Chemical Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk factors for cancer – review paper

Lewandowska¹,

Rudzki²,

Rudzki³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

184

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The cancerous process is result of disturbed cell function. This is due to the accumulation of many genetic and epigenetic changes within the cell, expressed in the accumulation of chromosomal or molecular aberrations, which leads to genetic instability. It is difficult to assess the validity of individual aetiological factors, but it can be concluded that interaction of various risk factors has the largest contribution to the cancer development. Environmental, exogenous and endogenous factors as well as individual factors, including genetic predisposition contribute to the development of cancer. Epidemiological research on the development of malignant tumors has focused over the years on the determinants of environmental and genetic factors of cancer incidence and mortality rate. According to current state of knowledge, 80-90% of malignant tumors are caused by external environmental factors (carcinogens). Epidemiological studies have proved that the main factors responsible for the development of malignant neoplasia among humans are environmental factors arising from human behaviour. It has been confirmed that smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, diet, and reproductive behaviour are important for the development of malignant neoplasia in the human population. According to the World Health Organization, in 2020 we may expect about 10 million deaths, including 7-8 million in the developing countries, while this number in the developed countries will not change and will be 2-3 million. The aim this study was systematization of knowledge concerning the risk factors of malignant tumours and supplementing them with the latest research results.

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“…Smoking is a major health problem in many countries [1] [2]. Therefore, health education on smoking is required [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Environment Factors to Impact on the Effect of the Smoking Prevention Educational Program for Elementary and Junior High School Students

Okuda¹,

Okada²,

Tanioka³

et al. 2018

Health

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Smoking is a major health problem in many countries. It has been reported on the effects of education on youth with a reduced smoking rate and developed awareness of avoiding smoking verified as a result of educational intervention. The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between sex, school age, and family smoking and the effectiveness of smoking prevention education program (SPEP) as factors that impact the effectiveness of SPEP in elementary school and junior high school students. The participants in this survey were 6676 students, who attended elementary and junior high schools in Tokushima Prefecture between 2011 and 2015, and attended the SPEP. As factors that influence the effectiveness of the SPEP, we examined school types, sex, smokers in the family. Participants were asked the following questions before and after the SPEP to measure awareness of and attitudes toward smoking: "intention not to smoke cigarettes as adults", "intention to refuse cigarettes when offered", "attitude of staying away from smokers", and "desire that their family will not smoke". The number of survey collected was 6676, with effective responses from 5974 (90%). Among the 5974, there were 2963 (50%) males and 3011 (50%) females, 5106 elementary school students (86%), and 868 junior high school students (15%). Findings showed that having smokers in the family affects not only children's intention and attitude toward smoking, but also the effectiveness of smoking prevention education. Especially, it was difficult to improve children's "intention not to smoke as adults", "intention to refuse cigarettes when offered", "attitude of staying away from smokeHow to cite this paper: Okuda, K., Okada, H., Tanioka, T. and Osaka, K. (2018) 76 Health rs", and "desire that their family will not smoke". Therefore, it was thought that SPEP to be less effective, in mentioned situation, in improving awareness of and attitudes toward smoking among elementary and junior high school students.

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Estimating lung cancer mortality attributable to second hand smoke exposure in Germany

Abstract: Despite an aging population, the number of deaths from lung cancer attributable to SHS decreased considerably. This positive trend should be strengthened by further public health measures.

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke exposure: A systematic review

Burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke exposure: A systematic review

Environmental risk factors for cancer – review paper

Family Environment Factors to Impact on the Effect of the Smoking Prevention Educational Program for Elementary and Junior High School Students

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