Estimating benthic trophic levels to assess the effectiveness of marine protected area management

Blanco, Andreu; Beger, Maria; Planes, Serge; Miller, Mark G. R.; Olabarria, Celia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148234

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Different approaches (and definitions of effectiveness) have been proposed and are still under discussion (European Commission, 2021b). To date, most attempts rely on indicators developed considering the different environmental challenges faced by the systems under evaluation (Murillas‐Maza, 2023), and whose temporal evaluation (area covered by seagrass meadows in a bay, for instance) needs specific monitoring protocols that must be maintained through time (Aoki et al., 2020; Blanco et al., 2021). On the other hand, NBS effectiveness has been measured as the capability of these measures to decrease risk on a given system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effectiveness of marine nature‐based solutions with climate risk assessments

Bueno‐Pardo,

Ruiz‐Frau,

Garcia

et al. 2024

Global Change Biology

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Prospective risks from climate change impacts in ocean and coastal systems are urging the implementation of nature‐based solutions (NBS). These are climate‐resilient strategies to maintain biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services, contributing to the adaptation of social‐ecological systems and the mitigation of climate‐related impacts. However, the effectiveness of measures like marine restoration or conservation is not exempt from the impacts of climate change, and the degree to which they can sustain biodiversity and ecosystem services remains unknown. Such uncertainty, together with the slow pace of implementation, causes decision‐makers and societies to demand a better understanding of NBS effects. To address this gap, in this study, we use the risk mitigation capacity of marine NBS as a proxy for their effectiveness while providing a toolset for the implementation of the method. The method considers environmental data and relies on expert elicitation, allowing us to go beyond current practice to evaluate the effectiveness of NBS in reducing habitat or species risks under different future socio‐political and climate‐change scenarios. As a result, we present a ready‐to‐use tool, and supporting materials, for the implementation of the Climate Risk Assessment method and an illustrative example considering the application of the NBS “nature‐inclusive harvesting” in two shellfisheries. The method works as a rapid assessment that guarantees comparability across sites and species due to its low data or resource demand, so it can be widely incorporated to adaptation policies across the marine realm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effectiveness of marine nature‐based solutions with climate risk assessments

Bueno‐Pardo,

Ruiz‐Frau,

Garcia

et al. 2024

Global Change Biology

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“…In fact, several factors can undermine the effectiveness of protected areas, up to the point of resulting in the so-called "paper parks": protected areas that exist in legal terms, but are virtually non-existent as concerns their ability to protect natural resources [31,32] and to deliver the socioeconomic benefits for which they were created [33]. In addition, ineffective MPAs can be detrimental to the perception of marine protection [34] and have the potential of preventing the establishment of additional MPAs if an acceptable extension of protected areas has already been reached on paper [35,36]. Recent research has argued that the large majority of MPAs-potentially ≥70%-partially or totally fails to achieve its conservation goals [31,[37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoiding “Paper Parks”: A Global Literature Review on Socioeconomic Factors Underpinning the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

et al. 2023

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a common management tool for preserving marine biodiversity and halting resource depletion. Despite the number of MPAs rapidly increasing worldwide, there are concerns over the full achievement of their objectives. Indeed, in some cases—the phenomenon of so-called “paper parks”—protected areas totally fail to achieve their conservation and socioeconomic targets. Therefore, identifying the factors underpinning MPA success or failure is crucial to increase their effectiveness. To achieve this goal, we performed a global literature review on the socioeconomic factors that managers should pursue to enhance MPA effectiveness on a global scale. A search of the Scopus database, using strings of keywords connected by Boolean operators, generated a batch of 715 items, out of which 68 were retained after the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Six other articles were added through the scanning of the literature cited in selected papers. We grouped MPA success-factors into 13 main groups and ranked them according to the frequency of citation in the literature. Our findings identify stakeholder involvement, increasing communication and awareness between specific stakeholder groups, as well as ensuring appropriate enforcement and monitoring, control and surveillance, as the leading factors for MPA success. Our results will assist in the process of upcoming global expansion of MPAs, thus contributing to improving conservation of marine biodiversity and associated livelihoods.

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“…In fact, several factors can mine the effectiveness of protected areas, up to the point of resulting in the so-called "paper parks", protected areas that exist in legal terms, but are virtually non-existent for what concerns their ability to protect natural resources (Thur 2010;De Santo 2012) and to deliver the socio-economic bene ts for which they were created (White and Courtney 2004). In addition, ineffective MPAs can be detrimental to the perception of marine protection (Blanco et al 2021) and have the potential of preventing the establishment of additional MPAs, if an acceptable extension of protected areas has already been reached on paper (Watson et al 2015;Mizrahi et al 2018). Recent research has argued that the large majority of MPAs, potentially ≥ 70%, partially or totally fails to achieve its conservation goals (Thur 2010;Edgar et al 2014;Gill et al 2017;Roberts et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoiding “Paper Parks”: A Global Literature Review on the Socio- Economic Strategies to Enhance the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

Cintio

Niccolini

Scipioni

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a common management tool for preserving marine biodiversity and halting resource depletion. The number of MPAs is rapidly increasing worldwide to achieve the global targets agreed under the Convention on Biological Diversity. Nonetheless, MPAs often achieve their objectives only partially. In some cases – the so-called phenomenon of “paper parks” – protected areas totally fail to achieve their conservation targets. Therefore, identifying the factors underpinning MPA success or failure is crucial to increase their effectiveness. Here, we present the results of a global literature review of studies suggesting different strategies that managers should pursue in order to enhance MPA effectiveness. A search of the Scopus database, using strings of keywords connected by Boolean operators generated a batch of 715 items, out of which 68 were retained after the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Six other articles were added through the scanning of the literature cited in selected papers. We grouped MPA success-strategies into 13 main groups and ranked them according to the frequency of citation in the literature. Each group was further split into a series of actions and relative frequencies. Our findings identify stakeholder involvement, increasing communication and awareness between specific stakeholder groups, as well as ensuring appropriate enforcement and monitoring, control and surveillance, as the leading strategies for MPA success. Our results will assist in the process of upcoming global expansion of MPAs, thus contributing to improve conservation of marine biodiversity and associated livelihoods.

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Estimating benthic trophic levels to assess the effectiveness of marine protected area management

Cited by 5 publications

References 92 publications

Assessing the effectiveness of marine nature‐based solutions with climate risk assessments

Assessing the effectiveness of marine nature‐based solutions with climate risk assessments

Avoiding “Paper Parks”: A Global Literature Review on Socioeconomic Factors Underpinning the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

Avoiding “Paper Parks”: A Global Literature Review on the Socio- Economic Strategies to Enhance the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

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