Estimates of the mean per capita daily intake of benzoic and sorbic acids in Brazil

Abstract

The daily intakes of benzoates and sorbates from selected food categories were estimated in Brazil in 1999. The Budget method was used as a first screening procedure for the estimation of the safety aspects of the maximum permitted levels of benzoates and sorbates established by the Brazilian food legislation. This screening indicated that benzoates should be further investigated. In a second step, the daily intakes of these preservatives were assessed by combining measured levels of these additives with national food consumption data derived from a household economic survey and a packaged good market survey. Benzoate and sorbate levels in soft drinks, fruit juices, margarine, yoghurt and cheese were determined by HPLC with a photodiode array detector (detection at 228 nm for benzoic acid, 260 nm for sorbic acid). The estimated intakes of benzoates and sorbates for the average consumer were below the ADIs, ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 and 0.2 to 0.3 mg kg(-1) body weight, respectively. Soft drinks were identified as the main source of benzoates representing >80% of the estimated intake.

Fortification of yogurts with different antioxidant preservatives: A comparative study between natural and synthetic additives

“…Despite being considered as safe, effective, and presenting a lower toxicity than other preservatives (Fandos & Dominguez, 2007;Karabulut, Romanazzi, Smilanick, & Lichter, 2005;Karabulut et al, 2001), some authors consider that the use of this preservative has adverse effects on human health (Kamankesh, Mohammadi, Tehrani, Ferdowsi, & Hosseini, 2013). In particular, some cases of allergic effects have been described, such as urticaria and asthma (Code of Federal Regulations., 1999;Goren et al, 2015;Tfouni & Toledo, 2002), and also cases of intolerance (Code of Federal Regulations, 1999;Goren et al, 2015;Hannuksela & Haahtela, 1987).…”

Análise simultânea dos indicadores biológicos de exposição aos solventes etilbenzeno, estireno, tolueno e xileno na urina por CLAE-UV

“…5,[15][16] Esse conservador está presente em refrigerantes, sucos de frutas, margarina, molho de tomate, enlatados. [17][18][19] Um estudo identificou os refrigerantes como a principal fonte de benzoato no Brasil, representando mais de 80% da ingestão diária do conservador. 17 O ácido benzoico ou benzoato é metabolizado no fígado e nos rins formando o AH.…”

“…[17][18][19] Um estudo identificou os refrigerantes como a principal fonte de benzoato no Brasil, representando mais de 80% da ingestão diária do conservador. 17 O ácido benzoico ou benzoato é metabolizado no fígado e nos rins formando o AH. 20 A alimentação e a variação interindividual no metabolismo do ácido benzoico influenciam diretamente na quantidade basal de AH presente na urina.…”

Dietary intake of sorbic and benzoic acids from tomato ketchup for adults and children in Turkey

“…day -1 for the Austrian diet (Mischek and Krapfenbauer-Cermak 2012), ranging from 0.2 to 0.3 mg kg -1 b.w. day -1 for the Brazilian diet (Tfouni and Toledo 2002b), 2.6 mg kg -1 b.w. day -1 for the French diet (Verger et al 1998), 0.5 mg kg -1 b.w.…”

“…1 HPLC-PDA chromatogram of the ketchup sample containing sorbic acid (269.6 mg kg -1 ) and benzoic acid (264.3 mg kg -1 ) 0.9 mg kg -1 b.w. day -1 for the Brazilian diet (Tfouni and Toledo 2002b), 0.87 mg kg -1 b.w. day -1 for the Finland diet (Penttilä 1996), 0.5 mg kg -1 b.w.…”