Estimates of Silica Exposure among Metalliferous Miners in Western Australia (1900-1993)

Hewson, Gregory S.

doi:10.1080/1047322x.1996.10389983

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This cohort consisted of Kalgoorlie gold miners, Western Australia [Hewson, 1993;DeKlerk et al, 1995;DeKlerk and Musk, 1998]. Job-specific quantitative exposure assignments in terms of respirable silica had been previously developed by investigators (Nicholas DeKlerk, personal communication) but were not published and had not been used in cohort analysis.…”

Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summaries of konimeter surveys appeared in Annual Reports of the Department of Mines (now Minerals and Energy) in 1925, 1929, and for the period . From the 1950s, typically 1,000 or more konimeter measurements (average of three spot samples) were taken in underground workplaces and in various locations of surface operations [Hewson, 1993]. These konimeter surveys could, however, not be applied directly to the work history data of the cohort.…”

Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All estimates were in mppcc of dust, and were converted to mg/m 3 respirable silica by using a conversion factor of 0.002. This conversion factor was based on a conversion from mppcc to respirable dust of 0.01, and a conversion of respirable dust to respirable silica of 0.2 (based on a silica content of 20% in respirable dust) [Hewson, 1993]. Exposure estimates were applied to the cohort by using the rank scores as common identifier.…”

Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of quantitative exposure data for a pooled exposure‐response analysis of 10 silica cohorts

Mannetje

Steenland

Checkoway

et al. 2002

American J Industrial Med

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Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Australian Gold Minersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of quantitative exposure data for a pooled exposure‐response analysis of 10 silica cohorts

Mannetje

Steenland

Checkoway

et al. 2002

American J Industrial Med

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“…The exact response rate was not possible to calculate because the denominator was never accurately known but, based on estimates of the workforce at each time, it is thought that over 95% response was achieved. 12 …”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silica, compensated silicosis, and lung cancer in Western Australian goldminers.

Klerk

Musk

1998

Occup Environ Med

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Objectives-Silica has recently been reclassified as carcinogenic to humans based largely on the observed increase in rates of lung cancer in subjects with silicosis. Other recent reviews have arrived at diVerent conclusions as to whether silicosis or silica itself is carcinogenic. This study aims to examine exposure-response relations between exposure to silica and subsequent silicosis and lung cancer in a cohort of goldminers. Methods-2297 goldminers from Kalgoorlie in Western Australia were examined in 1961, 1974, and 1975. Data were collected on respiratory symptoms, smoking habits, and employment history. Subjects were followed up to the end of 1993. Survival analyses for lung cancer mortality and incidence of compensated silicosis were performed with age and year matched conditional logistic regression analyses. Results-89% of the cohort were traced to the end of 1993. 84% of the men had smoked at some time and 66% were current smokers. 1386 deaths occurred during the follow up period, 138 from lung cancer, and 631 subjects were compensated for silicosis. A strong eVect of smoking on mortality from lung cancer, and a smaller eVect on the incidence of compensated silicosis was found. There was a strong eVect of duration and intensity of exposure on the incidence of silicosis. The risk of mortality from lung cancer increased after compensation for silicosis. Of all direct measures of exposure to silica, only log cumulative exposure was significantly related to incidence of lung cancer, but this eVect disappeared once the onset of silicosis was taken into account. Conclusions-The incidence of silicosis was clearly related to exposure to silica and the onset of silicosis conferred a significant increase in risk for subsequent lung cancer, but there was no evidence that exposure to silica caused lung cancer in the absence of silicosis. (Occup Environ Med 1998;55:243-248)

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“…Various types of konimeter were widely used from the 1930s until as recently as the 1980s, particularly in the extraction and metals industries in Canada, Australia and South Africa. In Western Australian underground mining operations, of the order of 40 000 konimeter samples were recorded for the period from 1925 to 1977 (Hewson, 1996). Le Roux (1970) reported that, in South Africa, mine officials took about half a million konimeter samples per annum while government inspectors took about 30 000 samples during routine inspections.…”

Section: Particle Count Samplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Milestones in Practical Aerosol Sampling

2007

Aerosol Sampling

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Estimates of Silica Exposure among Metalliferous Miners in Western Australia (1900-1993)

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Development of quantitative exposure data for a pooled exposure‐response analysis of 10 silica cohorts

Development of quantitative exposure data for a pooled exposure‐response analysis of 10 silica cohorts

Silica, compensated silicosis, and lung cancer in Western Australian goldminers.

Historical Milestones in Practical Aerosol Sampling

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