Estimates of resting energy expenditure and total energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Macêna, Mateus de Lima; Bueno, Nassib Bezerra

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac031

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The bias of each equation refers to the difference between the pREE and mREE (pREE minus mREE) in kilocalories. The precision of each equation was defined as the proportion of pREEs that fell within ±10% of the corresponding mREEs, expressed as a percentage 10,11 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with severe burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Wang,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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BackgroundMany equations to estimate the resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with burns are currently available, but which of them provides the best guide to optimize nutrition support is controversial. This review examined the bias and precision of commonly used equations in patients with severe burns.MethodsA systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was undertaken on June 1, 2023, to identify studies comparing predicted REE (using equations) with measured REE (by indirect calorimetry [IC]) in adults with severe burns. Meta‐analyses of bias and calculations of precisions were performed in each predictive equation, respectively.ResultsNine eligible studies and 12 eligible equations were included. Among the equations, the Toronto equation had the lowest bias (26.1 kcal/day; 95% CI, −417.0 to 469.2), followed by the Harris‐Benedict equation × 1.5 (1.5HB) and the Milner equation. The Ireton‐Jones equation (303.4 kcal/day; 95% CI, 224.5–382.3) acceptably overestimated the REE. The accuracy of all of the equations was <50%. The Ireton‐Jones equation had the relatively highest precision (41.2%), followed by the 1.5HB equation (37.0%) and the Toronto equation (34.7%).ConclusionFor adult patients with severe burns, all of the commonly used equations for the prediction of REE are inaccurate. It is recommended to use IC for accurate REE measurements and to use the Toronto equation, 1.5HB equation, or Ireton‐Jones equation as a reference when IC is not available. Further studies are needed to propose more accurate REE predictive models.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precision of each equation was defined as the proportion of pREEs that fell within ±10% of the corresponding mREEs, expressed as a percentage. 10,11 Quality assessment…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with severe burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Wang,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…The most effective strategy for weight loss is to increase energy expenditure, while suppressing excessive appetite [ 204 ]. Reduction in food intake without exposure to hypoxic usually results in a substantial decrease in resting metabolic rate [ 205 , 206 , 207 ]. Oltmanns et al [ 208 ] found that when 13 non-obese men were exposed to hypoxic for 30 min by decreasing oxygen saturation to 75% (vs 96% in a control session), those adults acutely exposed to hypoxic had elevated their resting metabolism rate.…”

Section: Exogenous Hypoxic and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities

Wang

Sun

et al. 2022

Cells

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The global epidemic of obesity is tightly associated with numerous comorbidities, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. Among the key features of obesity, some studies have suggested the abnormal expansion of adipose-tissue-induced local endogenous hypoxic, while other studies indicated endogenous hyperoxia as the opposite trend. Endogenous hypoxic aggravates dysfunction in adipose tissue and stimulates secretion of inflammatory molecules, which contribute to obesity. In contrast, hypoxic exposure combined with training effectively generate exogenous hypoxic to reduce body weight and downregulate metabolic risks. The (patho)physiological effects in adipose tissue are distinct from those of endogenous hypoxic. We critically assess the latest advances on the molecular mediators of endogenous hypoxic that regulate the dysfunction in adipose tissue. Subsequently we propose potential therapeutic targets in adipose tissues and the small molecules that may reverse the detrimental effect of local endogenous hypoxic. More importantly, we discuss alterations of metabolic pathways in adipose tissue and the metabolic benefits brought by hypoxic exercise. In terms of therapeutic intervention, numerous approaches have been developed to treat obesity, nevertheless durability and safety remain the major concern. Thus, a combination of the therapies that suppress endogenous hypoxic with exercise plans that augment exogenous hypoxic may accelerate the development of more effective and durable medications to treat obesity and comorbidities.

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“…The effectiveness in estimating BMR may depend on several population characteristics, including BMI range. [4][5][6] A systematic review covering a wide BMI range (with and without obesity) found that several BMR prediction equations commonly used had some level of inaccuracy, with the equation for the general population proposed by Mifflin et al (1990) 7 being the one with the lowest percentages of difference in comparison to BMR values measured by indirect calorimetry. 4 Another systematic review focusing on individuals with overweight or obesity showed that although the equations do not have a strong bias, they have low precision (>10% difference from BMR measured by indirect calorimetry) which limits their use in clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The authors also concluded that the equations by Mifflin et al (1990) 7 are the best estimate of BMR in individuals with overweight and obesity. 5 The only meta-analysis 6 testing predictive equations in adults with overweight and obesity found that the Harris & Benedict equation (1919) 8 showed the highest precision and the Lazzer equation (2007) 9,10 showed the lowest bias for individuals with obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ). 6 The severity of obesity was not explored in those previous reviews and/or meta-analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequacy of basal metabolic rate prediction equations in individuals with severe obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Campos,

Mariz,

Mulder

et al. 2024

Obesity Reviews

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SummaryThe determination of energy requirements in clinical practice is based on basal metabolic rate (BMR), frequently predicted by equations that may not be suitable for individuals with severe obesity. This systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the accuracy and precision of BMR prediction equations in adults with severe obesity. Four databases were searched in March 2021 and updated in May 2023. Eligible studies compared BMR prediction equations with BMR measured by indirect calorimetry. Forty studies (age: 28–55 years, BMI: 40.0–62.4 kg/m2) were included, most of them with a high risk of bias. Studies reporting bias (difference between estimated and measured BMR) were included in the meta‐analysis (n = 20). Six equations were meta‐analyzed: Harris & Benedict (1919); WHO (weight) (1985); Owen (1986); Mifflin (1990); Bernstein (1983); and Cunningham (1980). The most accurate and precise equations in the overall analysis were WHO (−12.44 kcal/d; 95%CI: −81.4; 56.5 kcal/d) and Harris & Benedict (−18.9 kcal/d; 95%CI ‐73.2; 35.2 kcal/d). All the other equations tended to underestimate BMR. Harris & Benedict and WHO were the equations with higher accuracy and precision in predicting BMR in individuals with severe obesity. Additional analyses suggested that equations may perform differently according to obesity BMI ranges, which warrants further investigation.

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Estimates of resting energy expenditure and total energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 94 publications

Estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with severe burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with severe burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities

Adequacy of basal metabolic rate prediction equations in individuals with severe obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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