Estimated genetic parameters for all genetically evaluated traits in Canadian Holsteins

Oliveira, G.A.; Schenkel, F.S.; Alcantara, L.; Houlahan, Kerry; Lynch, Colin; Baes, C.F.

doi:10.3168/jds.2021-20227

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The GED variance obtained in the current study for SB was 0.0002, which is much lower than the estimates from a previous study with Norwegian Red cows (Heringstad et al, 2007). The heritability of the GED was higher than that of the GESS for CE, which may have been caused by a larger maternal effect (Jamrozik et al, 2005)-for instance, cow body conformation is genetically associated with calving difficulty (Dadati et al, 1985;Ga et al, 2021), indicating the crucial role of GED on CE.…”

Section: Heritability and Repeatability Estimatescontrasting

confidence: 85%

Genetic and Genomic Analyses of Service Sire Effect on Female Reproductive Traits in Holstein Cattle

et al. 2021

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Fertility and reproductive performance are key drivers of dairy farm profitability. Hence, reproduction traits have been included in a large majority of worldwide dairy cattle selection indexes. The reproductive traits are lowly heritable but can be improved through direct genetic selection. However, most scientific studies and dairy cattle breeding programs have focused solely on the genetic effects of the dam (GED) on reproductive performance and, therefore, ignored the contribution of the service sire in the phenotypic outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the service sire effects on female reproductive traits in Holstein cattle from a genomic perspective. Genetic parameter estimation and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed for the genetic effect of service sire (GESS) on conception rate (CR), 56-day non-return rate (NRR56), calving ease (CE), stillbirth (SB), and gestation length (GL). Our findings indicate that the additive genetic effects of both sire and dam contribute to the phenotypic variance of reproductive traits measured in females (0.0196 vs. 0.0109, 0.0237 vs. 0.0133, 0.0040 vs. 0.0289, 0.0782 vs. 0.0083, and 0.1024 vs. 0.1020 for GESS and GED heritability estimates for CR, NRR56, CE, SB, and GL, respectively), and these two genetic effects are positively correlated for SB (0.1394) and GL (0.7871). Interestingly, the breeding values for GESS on insemination success traits (CR and NRR56) are unfavorably and significantly correlated with some production, health, and type breeding values (ranging from −0.449 to 0.274), while the GESS values on calving traits (CE, SB, and GL) are usually favorably associated with those traits (ranging from −0.493 to 0.313). One hundred sixty-two significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their surrounding protein-coding genes were identified as significantly associated with GESS and GED, respectively. Six genes overlapped between GESS and GED for calving traits and 10 genes overlapped between GESS for success traits and calving traits. Our findings indicate the importance of considering the GESS when genetically evaluating the female reproductive traits in Holstein cattle.

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Section: Heritability and Repeatability Estimatescontrasting

confidence: 85%

Genetic and Genomic Analyses of Service Sire Effect on Female Reproductive Traits in Holstein Cattle

et al. 2021

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“…As expected, due to the high genetic correlation between the studied traits, numerous genes were simultaneously associated with the five milk production traits. Oliveira Junior et al [13] working with the same North American Holstein population found high genetic correlation (>0.48) among MY, FAT, PROT, FAT%, and PROT% highlighting the close genetic relationship between these traits. Even in multibreed dairy populations the high correlations among production traits are usually observed [115].…”

Section: Common Genes Identified In Go Termsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Different indicators of LP have been proposed over time [4][5][6][7], with heritability estimates ranging from 0.14 to 0.24 [8,9]. Heritability estimates in Holstein cattle for milk (MILK), fat (FAT), and protein (PROT) yields usually range from 0.24 to 0.52, and from 0.36 to 0.68 for fat percentage (FAT%) and protein percentage (PROT%) [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomewide Association Analyses of Lactation Persistency and Milk Production Traits in Holstein Cattle Based on Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data

Pedrosa

Schenkel

Chen

et al. 2021

Genes

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Lactation persistency and milk production are among the most economically important traits in the dairy industry. In this study, we explored the association of over 6.1 million imputed whole-genome sequence variants with lactation persistency (LP), milk yield (MILK), fat yield (FAT), fat percentage (FAT%), protein yield (PROT), and protein percentage (PROT%) in North American Holstein cattle. We identified 49, 3991, 2607, 4459, 805, and 5519 SNPs significantly associated with LP, MILK, FAT, FAT%, PROT, and PROT%, respectively. Various known associations were confirmed while several novel candidate genes were also revealed, including ARHGAP35, NPAS1, TMEM160, ZC3H4, SAE1, ZMIZ1, PPIF, LDB2, ABI3, SERPINB6, and SERPINB9 for LP; NIM1K, ZNF131, GABRG1, GABRA2, DCHS1, and SPIDR for MILK; NR6A1, OLFML2A, EXT2, POLD1, GOT1, and ETV6 for FAT; DPP6, LRRC26, and the KCN gene family for FAT%; CDC14A, RTCA, HSTN, and ODAM for PROT; and HERC3, HERC5, LALBA, CCL28, and NEURL1 for PROT%. Most of these genes are involved in relevant gene ontology (GO) terms such as fatty acid homeostasis, transporter regulator activity, response to progesterone and estradiol, response to steroid hormones, and lactation. The significant genomic regions found contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to LP and milk production in North American Holstein cattle.

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“…A steeper heel is often genetically associated with improved locomotion (van der Waaij et al, 2005;Onyiro and Brotherstone, 2008;Ring et al, 2018), but generally only weakly associated with genetic predisposition for hoof diseases (van der Linde et al, 2010;Ødegård et al, 2014). Significant positive genetic correlations with increased incidence of white line disease (van der Waaij et al, 2005), digital dermatitis (van der Linde et al, 2010), and toe ulcers (Oliveira Junior et al, 2021) have been found. van der Linde et al ( 2010) also reported a significant negative genetic correlation between interdigital dermatitis and foot angle.…”

Section: Approximate Genetic Correlations Between Our Health and Nationally Evaluated Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters and association of national evaluations with breeding values for health traits in US organic Holstein cows

Hardie

Haagen

Heins

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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Among other regulations, organic cows in the United States cannot receive antibiotics and preserve their organic status, emphasizing the importance of prevention of illness and benefit of high genetic merit for disease resistance. At the same time, data underlying national genetic evaluations primarily come from conventional cows, drawing concern to the possibility of a genotype by environment interaction whereby the value of a genotype varies depending on the environment, and potentially limits the relevance of these evaluations to organic cows. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetics of and determine the presence of genotype by environment interaction for health traits in US organic dairy cows. Individual cow health data were obtained from 16 US Department of Agriculture certified organic dairy farms from across the United States that used artificial insemination and maintained detailed records. Data were obtained for the following traits: died, lameness, mastitis, metabolic diseases (displaced abomasum, ketosis, and milk fever), reproductive diseases (abortion, metritis, and retained placenta), transition health events (any health event occurring 21 d before or after parturition), and all health events. Binary phenotypes (1 = diseased, 0 = otherwise) for 38,949 lactations on 19,139 Holstein cows were used. Genotypes from 2,347 cows with 87.5% or greater Holstein breed-based representation were incorporated into single-step multitrait threshold animal models that included stayability (1 = completed lactation, 0 = otherwise). Gibbs sampling was used. Genomic predicted transmitting abilities (gPTA) from national genetic evaluations were obtained for sires for production, fitness, health, and conformation traits. We approximated genetic correlations for sires using these gPTA and our estimated breeding values. We also regressed health phenotypes on cow estimated breeding values and sire gPTA. Heritabilities (± standard error) ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 (reproductive diseases) to 0.11 ± 0.03 (metabolic diseases). Most genetic correlations among health traits were positive, though the genetic correlation between metabolic disease and mastitis was −0.42 ± 0.17. Approximate genetic correlations between disease resistance for our health trait categories and disease resistance for the nationally-evaluated health traits generally carried the expected sign with the strongest correlation for mastitis (0.72 ± 0.084). Regression coefficients carried the expected sign and were mostly different from zero, indicating that evaluations from primarily conventional herd data predicted health on organic farms. In conclusion, use of national evaluations for health traits should afford genetic improvement for health in US organic herds.

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Estimated genetic parameters for all genetically evaluated traits in Canadian Holsteins

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Genetic and Genomic Analyses of Service Sire Effect on Female Reproductive Traits in Holstein Cattle

Genetic and Genomic Analyses of Service Sire Effect on Female Reproductive Traits in Holstein Cattle

Genomewide Association Analyses of Lactation Persistency and Milk Production Traits in Holstein Cattle Based on Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data

Genetic parameters and association of national evaluations with breeding values for health traits in US organic Holstein cows

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