Estimated case fatality rate of pulmonary embolism, 1979 to 1998

Stein, Paul D.; Kayali, Fadi; Olson, R. E.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.01.058

Cited by 122 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These values are similar to those reported in other studies, (1,10,11) indicating that our study cohort was similar to those evaluated in previous studies. Although we found that the best cutoff point for age in our study cohort was 40 years, other studies have shown far higher cutoff points for age, such as 65 years, (12) 70 years, (11) and 80 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Severe hypoxaemia can predict unfavourable clinical outcomes in individuals with pulmonary embolism aged over 40 years

Souza¹,

Resende²,

Rodrigues³

2014

smedj

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INTRODUCTION Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is an urgent clinical condition that can progress in a wide variety of ways. Therefore, we sought to develop an easy-to-apply algorithm, to be based on readily available clinical indicators, effective in predicting unfavourable outcomes. METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study based on systematically collected data in a database. The study included 102 patients with APE who were admitted to a tertiary care hospital. The following outcomes were defined as unfavourable: shock, the need for mechanical ventilation, the use of thrombolytics, and death. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore variables significantly associated with outcome and to calculate post-test probabilities. RESULTSThe prevalence of unfavourable outcomes was 25.5% (26 of the 102 patients with APE). The risk of an unfavourable outcome was reduced to 7.0% for patients with APE who were aged ≤ 40 years. In patients with APE who were aged > 40 years, the presence of hypoxaemia (i.e. peripheral oxygen saturation < 90%) alone increased the risk of an unfavourable outcome to 57.0%. A recent history of trauma and the presence of pre-existing lung or heart disease were significantly associated with unfavourable outcomes. The inclusion of those variables in the logistic regression model increased the post-test risk of an unfavourable outcome to 65.0%-86.0%. CONCLUSIONAdvanced age (i.e. > 40 years), the presence of hypoxaemia, a recent history of trauma and the presence of pre-existing lung or heart disease are risk factors for unfavourable outcome in patients with APE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Severe hypoxaemia can predict unfavourable clinical outcomes in individuals with pulmonary embolism aged over 40 years

Souza¹,

Resende²,

Rodrigues³

2014

smedj

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“…In fact, the characteristics of the two racial groups in this study likely do not reflect those of the community. When compared with the population-based studies of predominantly Whites of non-Hispanic ancestry, Whites in this study were younger and had a lower proportion with recent surgery (11.3% vs. 23 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Given the poor survival after PE, [21] our finding of an increased prevalence of PE among Blacks (particularly idiopathic PE) is disturbing, especially when coupled with previous reports of increased complications after VTE and higher PE case fatality among Blacks [8,9,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Comparison of characteristics from White‐ and Black‐Americans with venous thromboembolism: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2010

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When compared with Whites, Black-Americans may have a 40% higher incidence venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence. However, whether other VTE characteristics and risk factors vary by race is uncertain. To compare demographic and baseline characteristics among White-and Black-Americans with VTE, we used data prospectively collected from consecutive consenting adults enrolled in seven Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Thrombosis and Hemostasis Centers from August 2003 to March 2009. These characteristics were compared among Whites (n 5 2002) and Blacks (n 5 395) with objectively diagnosed VTE, both overall, and by age and gender. When compared with Whites, Blacks had a significantly higher proportion with pulmonary embolism (PE), including idiopathic PE among Black women, and a significantly higher proportion of Blacks were women. Blacks had a significantly higher mean BMI and a significantly lower proportion with recent surgery, trauma or infection, family history of VTE, and documented thrombophilia (solely from reduced factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A prevalence). Conversely, Blacks had a significantly higher proportion with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease and dialysis, HIV, and sickle cell disease. When compared with White women, Black women had a significantly lower proportion with recent oral contraceptive use or hormone therapy. We conclude that Whites and Blacks differ significantly regarding demographic and baseline characteristics that may be risk factors for VTE. The prevalence of transient VTE risk factors and idiopathic VTE among Blacks appears to be lower and higher, respectively, suggesting that heritability may be important in the etiology of VTE among Black-Americans. Am. J. Hematol. 85:467-471, 2010. V V C 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. IntroductionMost epidemiologic studies of venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors have been conducted within White-American and -European populations [1][2][3][4]. However, when compared with Whites, Black-Americans appear to have a higher risk for [5,6] and incidence of VTE [7][8][9][10]. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin G20210A, have been identified as risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in Europeans and White-Americans, [11][12][13][14][15][16] but not Black-Americans [6,17,18]. We hypothesized that the apparent higher VTE incidence among Blacks might be due to an increased prevalence of known VTE risk factors. To test this hypothesis, we compared demographic and baseline clinical characteristics from White-and Black-Americans with objectively diagnosed VTE who were seen in one of the seven CDC Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research and Prevention Network centers.

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“…Deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) is the most encountered cause of PE. The short-term mortality for PE has been reported to range from 7% to 11% (1,2) . If CTEPH is left untreated, it could result in serious cause of morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy Increases Gradually All Over the World; Review

Yanartaş¹,

Acar²,

Yıldızeli³

2016

Kosuyolu Heart Journal

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Pulmonary endarterectomy (PTE) is a complex surgical procedure that provides functional and haemodynamic improvement in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. The use of PTE procedures is increasing all over the world and by getting a high level of surgical expertise; therefore, mortality rates are gradually decreasing day by day. Initially, operative mortality rates were high with a range of approximately 4%-24%. These rates have substantially decreased all over the world. PTE is a surgical technique that aims to remove unresolved thromboembolic material that obstructs the pulmonary arteries. Significant and persistent decreases in pulmonary artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance are observed in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after the surgery. Nowadays, this operation is offered to those patients who were considered to be inoperable in the past. Key Words: Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy; chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertensionPulmoner Tromboendarterektomi Tüm Dünyada Giderek Yaygınlaşmaktadır; Derleme ÖZET Pulmoner tromboendarterektomi (PTE) kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyonda hemodinamik ve fonksiyonel iyileşmeyi sağlayan karmaşık bir cerrahi işlemdir. PTE işlemi uygulaması tüm dünyada giderek yaygınlaşmakta ve cerrahi deneyim arttıkça ölüm oranları her geçen gün giderek azalmaktadır. Başlangıçta %4 -24 gibi yüksek değerlerde olan cerrahi ölüm oranları tüm dünyada önemli oranda düşmüştür. PTE pulmoner arterleri tıkayan ve erimemiş olan trombotik tıkacı çıkarmayı amaçlayan cerrahi bir tekniktir. Kronik tromboemboliye bağlı pulmoner hipertansiyon olgularında PTE işlemi sonrası pulmoner arter basıncı ve pulmoner vasküler dirençte önemli ve sürekli değişiklikler gözlenmektedir. Son günlerde, daha önceden cerrahi işlem için uygun olmadığı düşünülen bazı olgulara bile artık PTE önerilmektedir.

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Estimated case fatality rate of pulmonary embolism, 1979 to 1998

Cited by 122 publications

References 18 publications

Severe hypoxaemia can predict unfavourable clinical outcomes in individuals with pulmonary embolism aged over 40 years

Severe hypoxaemia can predict unfavourable clinical outcomes in individuals with pulmonary embolism aged over 40 years

Comparison of characteristics from White‐ and Black‐Americans with venous thromboembolism: A cross‐sectional study

The Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy Increases Gradually All Over the World; Review

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