Estimate of the Magnetic Field Strength in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Abstract

Magnetic fields created in the noncentral heavy-ion collision are studied within a microscopic transport model, namely the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD). Simulations were carried out for different impact parameters within the SPS energy range (E lab = 10 − 158A GeV) and for highest energies accessible for RHIC. We show that the magnetic field emerging in heavy-ion collisions has the magnitude of the order of eBy ∼ 10 −1 · m 2 π for the SPS energy range and eBy ∼ m 2 π for the RHIC energies. The estimated value of the magnetic field strength for the LHC energy amounts to eBy ∼ 15 · m 2 π .

Quark Matter in a Strong Magnetic Background

“…In fact, strong magnetic fields are produced in non-central heavy ion collisions [39,40,102]. For example, at the energy scale for RHIC it is found eB max ≈ 5m 2 π ; for collisions at the LHC energy scale eB max ≈ 15m 2 π .…”

Chern-Simons current and local parity violation in hot QCD matter

“…This means that to observe an electric dipole moment in experiment we need an extremely strong magnetic field eB ∼ Λ 2 QCD . Fortunately, such fields exist during the early moments of a relativistic heavy ion collision [3,7]. Here we have assumed that the domain is static; this approximation requires the characteristic time of topological charge fluctuation τ ∼ 1/θ be large on the time scale at which the magnetic field B varies.…”

“…Recently the chiral magnetic effect has been observed on the lattice [6]. The electromagnetic fields of the required strength can be created in heavy ion collisions [3,7]. At this Conference, an evidence for the P-odd charge separation effect has been presented by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC [8].…”

Photon and dilepton spectra from nonlinear QED effects in supercritical magnetic fields induced by heavy-ion collisions

“…Especially, it is interesting to pursue the possibility if any aspect of the early-time dynamics can be probed. One of the ingredients recently bringing lots of excitements in the early-time dynamics is a strong magnetic field induced by the colliding nuclei [1,2,3]. We would like to point out that the strong magnetic field gives rise to intriguing modifications of the photon properties which arise only in the presence of strong magnetic fields [4,5,6,7].…”