Estimasi Tingkat Bahaya Erosi dengan Menggunakan Metode USLE Pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Amandit

Abstract

Abstrak: Erosi tanah menjadi semakin meningkat setiap tahun yang disebabkan oleh terjadinya peningkatan kerusakan lahan. Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Amandit mengalami kerusakan lahan yang ditandai dengan luasnya lahan kritis pada DAS tersebut yang akan berpengaruh pada tingginya tingkat bahaya erosi pada DAS tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat bahaya erosi yang terjadi pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Amandit. Penelitian ini menggunakan peta bentuklahan sebagai dasar pengambilan sampel. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 18 buah sampel. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan Metode Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) yang digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat bahaya erosi yang terjadi pada wilayah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat bahaya erosi yang terjadi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Amandit termasuk dalam klasifikasi berat-sangat berat. Tingkat bahaya erosi yang paling tinggi adalah 1276.535 ton/ha/tahun. Faktor yang dominan yang mengakibatkan tingkat bahaya erosi pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Amandit termasuk dalam klasifikasi berat-sangat berat adalah kemiringan lereng, nilai erodibilitas yang tinggi, dan tutupan lahan. Kata Kunci: Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE), Bentuklahan, USLE, DAS Amandit Abstract: Soil erosion is increasing every year due to increased land degradation. The Amandit Watershed has suffered damage which affects critical land in the watershed which will affect the level of erosion hazard in the watershed. This study aims to analyze the level of erosion that occurs in the Amandit Watershed. This study uses a landform map as a basis for sampling. The number of samples in this study were 18 samples. The data analysis used is based on the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method which is used to see the level of erosion hazard that occurs in the study area. The results showed that the level of erosion that occurred in the Amandit Watershed was classified as heavy-very heavy. The highest level of erosion was 1276.535 ton/ha/year. The dominant factors resulting in the level of erosion in the watershed (DAS) included in the weight-very weight classification are the slope of the slope, high erodibility values and land cover. Keywords: Erosion Hazard Level, Landform, USLE, Amandit Watershed

Erosion Hazard Levels in Padang Batung Sub-district, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

“…The most considerable erosion rate in the Padang Batung Sub-district area is 1895.69 tons/ha/yr. In 2020 the total erosion rate in the Padang Batung Sub-district area studied by Safitri (2021) was 932,933 tons/ha/yr, so it can be seen that the erosion rate in the Padang Batung Sub-district area has increased. This change in value results from the high rain intensity, causing the erosivity index to increase.…”

“…The critical land area in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency has an area of 33,263 ha, which is incorporated from several categories of critical land, including the critical land category covering an area of 29,701 ha and very critical land covering an area of 3,562 ha, which is spread in almost every Sub-district in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency (BPDASHL Barito, 2018). Padang Batung Sub-district is located in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province, with natural conditions in the form of plains-hills-mountains with rather steep slopes (15-30%) with structural and denudational landforms (Safitri et al, 2021). Land use in communities in Padang Batung Sub-district is in a location with a relatively steep slope.…”

Effect climate change on the potential erosion of the Singkoyo watershed

“…There are several studies on the potential for erosion, including: Research conducted in East Java shows that the USLE method can be used to predict erosion quickly over a large area [1]. The dominant factors that cause the level of erosion hazard in the Amandit Watershed included in the heavy-to-very heavy classification are the slope, high erodibility value, and land cover [2]. The results of the research in the Panasen sub-watershed of Minahasa Regency showed that not all soil that was lifted from the ground surface through the process of erosion, entered the lake and became sediment [3].…”