Esthetic perception of smile components by orthodontists, general dentists, dental students, artists, and laypersons

SadrHaghighi, Hooman; Zarghami, Afsaneh; Sadrhaghighi, Shahrzad; Eskandarinezhad, Mahsa

doi:10.1111/jicd.12235

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A coincident midline is the most prevalent presentation in nature and must be respected in prosthetic dental treatment in order to ensure an aesthetic outcome [33,40]. Silva et al [7] found the threshold for perceiving a deviation of the maxillary interincisal midline with respect to the facial midline to be 2 mm, in coincidence with the observations of other authors [16,18]. Orthodontists are able to detect alterations of the maxillary interincisal midline with respect to the facial midline of as small as 1 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Kokich et al reported that a variation between the facial line and the maxillary interincisal midline limited to 4 mm is not perceptible to either patients or dental professionals [15], though other authors consider that a smaller difference proves evident. This is the case of Sadrhaghighi et al [16], who recorded a deviation of the maxillary interincisal midline with respect to the facial midline of between 1 and 3 mm. Pinho et al [17] in turn found that orthodontists are able to detect any lack of coincidence of the two midlines, while prosthodontists detect no evident alterations until the difference reaches at least 2 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Evaluation of the maxillary midline, curve of the upper lip, smile line and tooth shape: a prospective study of 140 Caucasian patients

Melo

Ata-Ali

et al. 2020

BMC Oral Health

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Background: A number of reference patterns such as the interincisal line, curve of the upper lip, width of the smile or shape of the teeth have been studied in different populations. Determining the frequency of different smile aesthetic parameters in a European Caucasian population and exploring possible gender differences is important in order to obtain predictable treatment outcomes. Methods: Photographs were obtained under resting and forced smiling conditions in 140 individuals (70 males and 70 females) with a mean age of 20.1 ± 4.3 years. Different variables were recorded, including the position of the maxillary interincisal midline in relation to the facial midline, the arc and width of the smile, and the shape of the teeth. The data were processed using the SPSS version 15.0 statistical package, with application of the chi-squared test and a confidence level of 95%. The statistical power was 80%, and the level of significance 5% (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 94.3% of the sample presented a maxillary interincisal midline coinciding with the facial midline, and 80% had a consonant smile line. The curve of the upper lip was upwards in 47.1% of the cases, followed by a straight curve in 41.4%. Most of the subjects (84.3%) presented a medium smile line with tooth exposure to the second premolar (61.4%). There were no significant differences between males and females. Conclusions: The integration of aesthetic criteria is needed in order to guarantee satisfactory and predictable dental treatment outcomes. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females. The maxillary interincisal midline coincided with the facial midline, with a consonant smile arc and a medium smile line, upward lip curve and oval tooth shape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evaluation of the maxillary midline, curve of the upper lip, smile line and tooth shape: a prospective study of 140 Caucasian patients

Melo

Ata-Ali

et al. 2020

BMC Oral Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, even though statistical differences were found, clinical results and esthetical patterns were not affected by these findings. In our opinion, statistical results are strongly related to measurements collected in every single tooth; nevertheless, the esthetical feature is absolutely related to overall view of smile, [49][50][51] and therefore in our opinion minimal changes in proportions did not affect esthetical performances of rehabilitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Clinical and Esthetical Evaluation of 79 Lithium Disilicate Multilayered Anterior Veneers with a Medium Follow-Up of 3 Years

Malchiodi

Zotti

Moro³

et al. 2019

Eur J Dent

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Objectives Primary aim of this study was to evaluate survival rate of lithium disilicate veneers in upper and lower anterior teeth. Secondary aims were to evaluate changing in proportions of teeth before and after restorations and to assess mean thickness of the veneers. Materials and Methods Seventy-nine upper and lower lithium disilicate veneers were made in 13 patients with worn teeth. Mean follow-up was 3 years. To perform anterior definitive rehabilitations, malocclusions and loss of vertical dimension were treated by full mouth rehabilitations to obtain proper occlusal conditions. Veneers were made of lithium disilicate core and fluorapatite-based ceramic stratification. Survival rate was calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Changing in teeth proportion before and after restorations was analyzed by a paired t-test. Descriptive statistics of thickness values were also performed. Results One case of detachment was observed with a 98.7% survival rate. Teeth’s proportions were preserved although the first upper right incisor and canine changed in dimension. Conclusions Lithium disilicate veneers in esthetical rehabilitations of worn teeth proved to be an effective way of treatment in a medium follow-up of 3 years. Proportions seemed to be maintained with a minimum dental removal.

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“…Cracel-Nogueira et al determined that the medium smile was the most admired smile, while the high smile was deemed the least esthetically appealing 11 . Sadrhaghighi et al reported that education can affect the perception and assessment of smile components by observers 17 . In this study, the only question that had a statistically significant difference in responses before and after training was the smile or lip line question (p< no statistically significant difference in responses to the golden ratio question before and after training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that technical preparation and guidance will improve an individual's esthetic perception. Thus, it is necessary to further examine the outcome of undergraduate and postgraduate dental education about the standards of smile esthetics on the perception of beauty and esthetic judgement by clinicians 17 .…”

Section: Photo Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of perceptions of smile esthetics by dental students

Paken¹,

Ünal²

2021

Balkan J Dent Med

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Summary Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate in the esthetic perceptions of 2nd grade dental students before and after training. Material and Methods: A total of 16 photographs which contain golden ratio, buccal corridor, midline deviation, incisal embrasure, lip line, midline diastema, dark triangles and smile arc were shown to 78 dental students (33 male, 45 female). Immediately after the training about the smile esthetics, the same photos were shown again. The effect of gender on esthetic perception was also examined, in addition to assessing the effects of education on esthetic perception. Pearson Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test and McNemar test were used in the analysis of the results. Results: According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the answers of the smile arc before and after the education were statistically significant (p< 0.05). Accordingly, the rate of correct answers of women is statistically higher than that of men. A statistically significant difference was found between the responses to the gingival appearance in the smile before and after the education (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the limited results of this study, professional dental education may affect the esthetic evaluation of smile. There were differences in the esthetic perception of women and men.

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Esthetic perception of smile components by orthodontists, general dentists, dental students, artists, and laypersons

Abstract: Professional dental training can affect the esthetic judgement of smiles in individuals.

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of the maxillary midline, curve of the upper lip, smile line and tooth shape: a prospective study of 140 Caucasian patients

Evaluation of the maxillary midline, curve of the upper lip, smile line and tooth shape: a prospective study of 140 Caucasian patients

Clinical and Esthetical Evaluation of 79 Lithium Disilicate Multilayered Anterior Veneers with a Medium Follow-Up of 3 Years

Evaluation of perceptions of smile esthetics by dental students

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