Esthetic considerations related to bone and soft tissue maintenance and development around dental implants: Report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics

Current knowledge of prosthetic rehabilitation using implants: a literature review

“…Factors that included the distance between the implants or between the teeth and the implant, thickness of the buccal bone plate, and gum health were factors that positively contributed to prosthetic treatment for esthetic purposes [51,52]. Using 'switching' platform or Cone Morse abutments also helped preserving the height of the peri-implant bone crest and promoted thicker connective tissue around the implant [35,50,53].…”

Various Treatment Options for the Single Implant in the Mandibular Anterior Region

“…In only bone grafting, the expected mean resorption during the first 4-6 months was reported to be between 25% and 44% [49]. Even when an implant can be placed, a thin plate of facial bone is often all that remains, leading to thread exposure or unpredictable future tissue height [50]. However, grafting cannot solve the mesio-distal space problem.…”

The influence of the connection, length and diameter of an implant on bone biomechanics

“…New implant designs and prosthetic components, as well as new clinical techniques, have been developed to prevent or reduce the alveolar ridge loss [1]. With the increase on the demands and clinical applications of implants, new designs have been studied and there are more than 20 geometric variations on the market [41].…”

“…There are several types of internal connections on the market, including different internal hexagon types such as hexagonal, triangular and 'cloverleaf' designs [1].…”

“…The esthetic requirements of clinicians and high patient expectations continue to increase, as do advances in implant design and clinical techniques [1].…”