Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat: Sulfonated MWCNT Toward Biodiesel Production

Rad, Ali Shokuhi; Nia, Mahtab Hoseini; Ardestani, Fatemeh; Nayebzadeh, Hamed

doi:10.1007/s12649-016-9732-9

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Equation ( 10) can be evaluated as Eqn (11): To discover the kinetic parameters of the biodiesel synthesis, the rate constant was determined from Eqn (12) for each reaction run. The accuracy of the proposed kinetic model was found, and kinetic parameters determined from the proposed kinetic model were in accordance with the experimental data.…”

Section: Kinetic Study Of Microwave-assisted Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous types of waste feedstocks, like waste cooking oil, 8 waste frying oil, 9 waste palm oil, 10 and oils and fats extracted from different resources, 11,12 have been used for biodiesel production. Biodiesel is generally produced by transesterification of fat or oil by using a solvent like methanol or ethanol and a catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many types of oils (edible, non-edible, and plant), as well as animal fats, are utilized as substrates for biodiesel synthesis, but due to limited resources for feedstock, the focus is on utilizing waste materials to overcome the food crisis and to reduce the price of biodiesel. 6,7 Numerous types of waste feedstocks, like waste cooking oil, 8 waste frying oil, 9 waste palm oil, 10 and oils and fats extracted from different resources, 11,12 have been used for biodiesel production. Biodiesel is generally produced by transesterification of fat or oil by using a solvent like methanol or ethanol and a catalyst.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Waste sugarcane bagasse‐derived nanocatalyst for microwave‐assisted transesterification: Thermal, kinetic and optimization study

Nazir

Ayoub

Zahid

et al. 2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The production of biodiesel has increased globally during the last decade to overcome the problems of increasing prices of petro-diesel and the depletion of fossil fuels. The present study aimed to utilize agro-waste sugarcane bagasse (SCB) to synthesize a heterogeneous acid catalyst for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil. Waste sugarcane bagasse was converted into biochar through partial carbonization and activated via sulfonation by using acid solutions of different concentration i.e., 1M, 3M, 5M and concentrated sulfuric acid at a sulfonation temperature of 180 °C for 5 h. The prepared catalysts were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Sulfur (CHNS) analyzer. The prepared catalyst exhibited an excellent surface area of 20.78 m 2 g -1 and a total acid density of 3.94 mmol g -1 . The biodiesel production process was optimized by varying reaction temperature from (40-70 °C), methanol to oil molar ratio (5:1-20:1), catalyst loading (1-7 wt.%) and reaction time (5-25 min) by using a microwave reactor. The maximum conversion of 95.45% and yield of 92.12% was obtained under optimum conditions: catalyst loading 5 wt%, methanol-to-oil molar ratio (15:1), temperature (60 °C) after 15 min. The results of the experiments were validated by using response surface methodology, which validated the predicted model. The kinetic study of experiments showed that the use of sulfonated catalysts lowered the Original Article: Biodiesel under the influence of microwave heating MH Nazir et al.

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Section: Kinetic Study Of Microwave-assisted Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waste sugarcane bagasse‐derived nanocatalyst for microwave‐assisted transesterification: Thermal, kinetic and optimization study

Nazir

Ayoub

Zahid

et al. 2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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“…Also, Jiang et al [9] used sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) in their study and Guan et al [10] used tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4) for their investigation in the course of transesterification. Rad et al [11] used the esterification/transesterification process to reduce the FFA of sunflower oil and waste chicken oil. From their conclusions, the FFA of waste chicken fat was reduced to 1% at methanol to FFA ratio of 30:1 and at a reaction temperature of 90oC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Response Surface Methodology for the Prediction of Different Operating Parameters in the Production of Mesua Ferrea Oil Methyl Ester

Sagari

Bhatti

Srinivas

et al. 2019

IJEE

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This study is projected to regard as characteristics related to the viability of the preparation of methyl ester from Mesua ferrea oil through transesterification using Trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and Tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4). Na3PO4 and K3PO4 have high catalytic properties intended for the reaction of transesterification and cost-effective compared to other catalysts. The transesterification process was undergone at diverse operating constraints such as methanol to oil molar ratio (4:1 to 12:1), catalyst concentration (0.75 to 1.75%), and reaction temperature (55-70 o C). The duration of transesterification was fixed at 60 min. The maximum yield was obtained at a molar ratio of 8:1 and a catalyst concentration of 1.25% at a reaction temperature of 65 o C for the duration of one hour. The yield of Mesua ferrea oil methyl ester (MFOME) with K3PO4 catalyst has specified more compared to Na3PO4. Further, the MFOME was analyzed for physic-chemical properties and all the properties were found to be matched with ASTM standards. Particularly, the superior cetane number was achieved with MFOME. The biodiesel yield of RSM predicted values using both catalysts were well correlated with experimental results.

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“…Esterification reactions using solid acidic catalysts have been investigated by many researchers [19][20][21][22][23] . For instance, ferric sulfate was applied for esterification of FFA in waste frying oil, and this solid acid catalyst exhibited a high performance [24][25] . Corrosion of equipment and the separation process are the significant problems of the esterification reaction by homogeneous liquid acidic catalysts such as sulfuric acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of MWCNT by –SO3H and –COOH Groups and Their Application as Solid Acidic Catalysts for Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat

Rad

lotfinezhad

Ganjian

et al. 2017

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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In the present research, the esterification of waste chicken fat (WCF) by two different homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. Sulfonate and carboxylate functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-SO 3 H, MWCNT-COOH) were applied as useful heterogeneous acidic catalysts during esterification of WCF. According to the experimental results, sulfonate-modified MWCNT showed more effective catalytic activity than did carboxylate-modified MWCNT. It was found that free fatty acid (FFA) of WCF in the single stage esterification of WCF had decreased down to less than 1 % in the presence of 25 % MWCNT-SO 3 H catalyst (according to the amount of FFA), reactor temperature of 90 °C with contact time of 3 h, and methanol/FFA molar ratio of 30:1.

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Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat: Sulfonated MWCNT Toward Biodiesel Production

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Waste sugarcane bagasse‐derived nanocatalyst for microwave‐assisted transesterification: Thermal, kinetic and optimization study

Waste sugarcane bagasse‐derived nanocatalyst for microwave‐assisted transesterification: Thermal, kinetic and optimization study

Application of Response Surface Methodology for the Prediction of Different Operating Parameters in the Production of Mesua Ferrea Oil Methyl Ester

Functionalization of MWCNT by –SO3H and –COOH Groups and Their Application as Solid Acidic Catalysts for Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat

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