Esterification of oleic acid in soybean oil on zeolite catalysts with different acidity

Chung, Kyong-Hwan; Park, Byung-Geon

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2008.11.012

Cited by 111 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Because of these disadvantages, the application of heterogeneous solid catalysts in the transesterification process has become more popular recently. Heterogeneous acid catalysts, such as ion-exchange resins (Amberlyst-15, Nafion) [77,78], sulfated inorganic oxides [79], inorganic superacids (WO3/ZrO2, WO3/ZrO2-Al2O3) [80] and basic catalysts such as alkaline earth oxides (CaO, MgO), alkali-supported catalysts (KF/K2CO3 or KNO3 supported Al2O3) [81], zeolites [82] and guanidine-supported catalysts [83] have attracted considerable interest recently. Extensive research on preparing the biodiesel or lubricant-based stocks/additives through transesterification of vegetable oils is ongoing [61][62][63][64][65].…”

Section: Chemical Modification/derivatization Of Vegetable Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically Modifying Vegetable Oils to Prepare Green Lubricants

2017

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Chemically modifying vegetable oils to produce an alternative to petroleum-based materials is one of the most important emerging industrial research areas today because of the adverse effects of petroleum products on the environment and the shortage of petroleum resources. Biolubricants, bioplasticizers, non-isocyanate polyurethanes, biofuel, coating materials, biocomposites, and other value-added chemicals can easily be produced by chemically modifying vegetable oils. This short review discusses using vegetable oils or their derivatives to prepare lubricants that are environmentally safe. Chemically modified vegetable oils are generally used as base fluids to formulate environmentally friendly lubricants. Reports of their application as sustainable additives have attracted special attention recently because of their enhanced multifunctional performances (single additives perform several functions, i.e., viscosity index improver, pour point depressant, antiwear products) and biodegradability compared with commercial additives. Here, we have reviewed the use of chemically modified vegetable oils as base fluids and additives to prepare a cost-effective and environmentally friendly lubricant composition.

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Section: Chemical Modification/derivatization Of Vegetable Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically Modifying Vegetable Oils to Prepare Green Lubricants

2017

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“…The conversion took place through condensation and hydrolysis process. H + ion exchanged ZSM‐5 (HMFI) Zeolite and Mordenite (HMOR) Zeolite catalyst used by Chung and Park67 resulted in 80% conversion of oleic acid to biodiesel when the acid amount was above 0.06 mmol/g. The desorption peaks were observed at 350–550 o C which were characteristic of strong acid sites.…”

Section: Solid Acid Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in solid acid catalysts for ecofriendly and economically viable synthesis of biodiesel

Sharma

Singh

Korstad

2010

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

183

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Solid acid (heterogeneous) catalysts have a unique advantage in esterifi cation and transesterifi cation reactions which enhances the use of high acid value oil to be used as feedstock for synthesis of biodiesel. Various solid acid catalysts such as resins, tungstated and sulfated zirconia, polyaniline sulfate, heteropolyacid, metal complexes, sulfated tin oxide, zeolite, acidic ionic liquid, and others have been explored as potential heterogeneous catalysts.The activity of the catalyst differs slightly resulting in moderate to high conversion and yield. The reuse of the solid catalyst is governed by their deactivation, poisoning, and the extent of leaching in the reaction medium. The applicability of these catalysts for synthesis of biodiesel along with their reusability aspect is discussed in this review.

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“…It is usually produced by the transesterification reaction of a triglyceride with an alcohol of short chain in the presence of a basic catalyst [1]. The feedstock used for biodiesel production should contain less than 1 wt% of FFA in order to prevent soap formation and catalyst deactivation during the alkaline transesterification reaction [3]. However, most of the low cost feedstock, such as cooking oils and animal fats, presents higher contents of FFA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%