Esterification of levulinic acid into hexyl levulinate over dodecatungstophosphoric acid anchored to Al-MCM-41

Wu, Min; Zhao, Qing; Li, Jie; Wu, Haixia; Zheng, Xiu-Cheng; Guan, Xinxin; Liu, Pu

doi:10.1080/17458080.2016.1214985

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…10 The lignin-cellulosic biomass is the main source of the levulinic acid. 10,11 Levulinate esters have many applications in fuels industries (as additive of reduction of emissions of the hazardous pollutants like NO x ), polymers industries (as plasticizers), cosmetics industries (as lubricants), and foods industries (as flavor additive). In addition, they are important semiproducts in the organic synthesis.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Esterification Reaction Equation Of Levulinic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This situation applies, for example, to the important to the industry synthesis of levulinate alcohols, which are esters of the levulinic acid (LA) (4‐oxopentan acid, a γ‐keto acid), which has two functional groups: carbonyl and carboxylic 10 . The lignin‐cellulosic biomass is the main source of the levulinic acid 10,11 . Levulinate esters have many applications in fuels industries (as additive of reduction of emissions of the hazardous pollutants like NO x ), polymers industries (as plasticizers), cosmetics industries (as lubricants), and foods industries (as flavor additive).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and 2‐ethylhexanol in the presence of methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst under nonisothermal conditions

Hamryszak

Grzesik

2020

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The levulinic acid was esterified with alcohol at an alcohol to acid molar ratio of 3:1, 5:1, and 10:1 in the presence of a 0.1 wt% methanesulfonic acid catalyst. During esterification, the temperature was changed linearly from 373 to 428 K and its average change was 4.5 K/min. The authors stated that reactions were of second order and that the activation energy (E) decreased from 61 to 46 kJ/mol in the following alcohol sequence: n-hexanol > n-octanol > 2-ethylhexanol. The fitting errors varied between 3.8% and 6.4%. The time of experiment carried out under nonisothermal condition is five to 15 times shorter than that conducted under isothermal conditions. A smaller number of experimental series also determines a significantly lower cost of such research. The results of such study are the precise form of the kinetic equation, which is indispensable in design and optimization of industrial-scale chemical reactors.

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Section: F I G U R E 1 Esterification Reaction Equation Of Levulinic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and 2‐ethylhexanol in the presence of methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst under nonisothermal conditions

Hamryszak

Grzesik

2020

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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“…Levulinate esters have wide application in fuel, polymer, cosmetics, and food industries. In addition, they are important semiproducts in the organic synthesis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both hexyl and decyl levulinate are added to gasoline and to diesel fuel to improve the stability of ignition, viscosity, density, and lubricating properties . Besides, octyl levulinate has a very low vapor pressure …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and n‐decanol in the presence of dodecatungstophosphoric acid as a catalyst

Hamryszak

Grzesik

2019

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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Levulinic acid was esterified with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and n‐decanol at 393–413 K and at molar ratios of between 3:1 and 10:1 (alcohol: acid) in the presence of the dodecatungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) as catalyst (0.1 wt%) to study the reaction kinetics. The results of such study are the precise form of kinetic equation, which is indispensable in design and optimization of industrial‐scale chemical reactors. The authors stated that reactions were of second order and that the activation energy (E) decreased from 66 to 53 kJ/mol in the following alcohol sequence: n‐hexanol > n‐octanol > n‐decanol.

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“…Studies have been reported using H 3 PW 12 O 40 in supports to name a few such as Hβ, ZrO 2 , SBA‐15, TiO 2 /SiO 2 , and Cs/Nb 2 , as a catalyst for biodiesel production . In addition, TPA supported on MCM‐41, Al–MCM‐41, 3D graphene aerogel, and reduced graphene oxide has been studied for esterification of levulinic acid . Atia et al reported that alumina‐ and aluminosilicates‐supported heteropolyacids are more active as compared with silica‐supported catalyst when investigated for glycerol dehydration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiochemical characterization and support interaction of alumina‐supported heteropolyacid catalyst for biodiesel production

Kurhade

Dalai

2018

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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12-Tungstophosphoric acid (TPA)-supported γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts were synthesized with varying TPA loadings. Catalysts characteristics were determined using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analyses, X-ray diffraction, Raman, pyridine-adsorbed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and 13 C hpdec (high-power 1 H decoupling) nuclear magnetic resonance, whereas surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Surface defects were found in the catalyst with higher TPA loadings (55-65 wt.%). The presence of WO x was observed at higher loadings and later agglomerated into tungsten oxide crystals. The TPA impregnated catalysts were investigated for biodiesel synthesis from canola oil. The reaction was found to be independent of mass transfer limitation. The activation energy was 33.6 kJ mol −1 , and preexponential factor was 7.3*10 −2 min −1 . The turnover frequency for the supported catalysts was found in the range of 9.7*10 −4 -8.8*10 −2 min −1 . A conversion of 94.9 ± 2.3% was obtained under the optimized conditions, that is, 10 wt.% of the catalyst loading, 17.5 methanol to oil molar ratio, 4 MPa, and at 200°C in 10 hr.

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Esterification of levulinic acid into hexyl levulinate over dodecatungstophosphoric acid anchored to Al-MCM-41

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and 2‐ethylhexanol in the presence of methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst under nonisothermal conditions

Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and 2‐ethylhexanol in the presence of methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst under nonisothermal conditions

Kinetics of esterification of the levulinic acid with n‐hexanol, n‐octanol, and n‐decanol in the presence of dodecatungstophosphoric acid as a catalyst

Physiochemical characterization and support interaction of alumina‐supported heteropolyacid catalyst for biodiesel production

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