Esterification of acetic acid with n-Butanol using vanadium oxides supported on γ-alumina

Abstract

Esterification of acetic acid with n-Butanol has been studied in a heterogeneous reaction system using two g-alumina-supported vanadium oxide catalysts with different V loadings, which were prepared by the impregnation of a precipitated alumina. The alumina support and the supported catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, N 2 adsorption, EDX analysis and NH 3 -TPD techniques. The effects of the reaction time, of the molar ratio of the reactants, of the speed of agitation and of the mass fraction of the catalyst on the catalytic properties were studied. In the presence of the supported catalyst containing 10 wt % V 2 O 5 (10V-Al 2 O 3 sample) the conversion reached 87.7% after 210 min of reaction at 100 8C with an n-Butanol-to-acetic acid mole ratio equal to one. The conversion as well as the total acidity measured by TPD of NH 3 increased in the following order: Al 2 O 3 < 5V-Al 2 O 3 (5 wt % V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 ) < 10V-Al 2 O 3 . In all cases the reaction was completely selective to n-butyl acetate. Nevertheless, a loss in catalytic activity after three reaction cycles with 10 V 2 O 5 -Al 2 O 3 catalyst was observed.

Characterization and catalytic performance of basaltic dust as an efficient catalyst in the liquid‐phase esterification of acetic acid with n‐butanol

“…[1] In addition, the obtained linear fit of the first-order reaction suggests that this reaction follows the Eley-Rideal mechanism. [36] The proposed mechanism can be as follows: Finally, comparison of this work with those previously reported in the literature revealed that the obtained yield of n-butyl acetate in this work is higher than that obtained in Refs [1,16,34,37,38] and comparable to that reported in Refs [36,39,40].…”

“…Finally, comparison of this work with those previously reported in the literature revealed that the obtained yield of n ‐butyl acetate in this work is higher than that obtained in Refs and comparable to that reported in Refs .…”

Study of the esterification reaction of acetic acid with n -butanol over supported WO 3 catalysts

“…The amount of catalyst was varied between 0.5 and 1.3% of the mass of mixture charge in the reaction. All the experiments were conducted at a speed of agitation of 600 rpm to avoid diffusional limitations as reported elsewhere [11,14]. All the catalysts used in the reaction were in the powder form.…”

“…Nb 2 O 5 /SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 has been studied as catalyst for this reaction showing conversions as high as 87% with 100% selectivity for butyl acetate (8 h reaction time at 120 • C) [15]. MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 and V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 were shown to be able to catalyze the esterification reaction of acetic acid with n-butanol showing conversions of 81 and 63%, respectively, and 100% selectivity for n-butyl acetate at 100 • C and 2 h reaction time [11,14]. Improved catalytic performances of the V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst can be obtained by adding MoO 3 [13].…”

“…Indeed, in the last decade, a high number of studies showed that tungsta [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], molybdena [10][11][12], vanadia [13,14] and niobia [15] supported on appropriate supports were effective catalysts for the esterification reaction, one of the fundamental acid-catalyzed reactions.…”