Esterases: Problems of identification and classification

Walker, C.H.; Mackness, Michael I.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90349-0

Cited by 128 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The most frequently used biochemical markers are esterases, a group of genetically distinct enzymes that are widely distributed among a diversity of taxa. Although they carry out a variety of functions in an organism, esterases share the property of catalyzing esters in hydrolysis, as well as pep-tides, amides and halides (Walker and Mackness, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses

Leme¹,

Bevilaqua²,

Rhoden³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. This study used esterases and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers to determine endophytic variability in order to better understand endophyte-host interactions. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and esterase isoenzymes (EST; EC 3.1.1.3), with a-naphthyl acetate and β-naphthyl acetate as substrates, were used to assess relationships among endophytes. ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing data were used as rDNA markers. Thirty-two esterases were obtained from 37 isolates of Saccharum spp, which clustered into five endophyte groups. Esterase EST-06 was observed with the highest frequency, being present in 22 of the 37 isolates analyzed, followed by esterase EST-11, which was present in 20 isolates. The esterases EST-10 and EST-14 were present in 19 isolates and EST-09 was present in 18 isolates. The esterase EST-01 was unique to isolate 33 and can, therefore, be used as a marker for this isolate. None of the esterases identified were common to all isolates tested. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis, based on rDNA sequence data, classified the isolates into 5 genus groups: 1) Curvularia with a 100% bootstrap value (BP), 2) Alternaria with 100% BP, 3) Epicoccum with 60% BP, 4) Phoma with 89% BP, and 5) Saccharicola with 100% BP. This polyphyletic analysis based on several markers, therefore, proved to be a valuable approach in determining the relationship between variation in endophytes and their associated host plants. Furthermore, both the esterase and rDNA analyses obtained similar results and were equally effective in resolving relationships.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses

Leme¹,

Bevilaqua²,

Rhoden³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Non-specific esterases represent a large, diverse and complex group of major hydrolytic enzyme systems and possess the property of overlapping substrate specificity, hydrolysing both endogenous and exogenous esters of widely differing structures leading to problems of identification and classification (Dixon and Webb, 1979;Walker and Mackness, 1983). However, based on the sensitivity towards different classes of inhibitors and sub; strates, esterases were classified as carboxylesterases, cholinesterases and arylesterases (Holmes and Masters, 1967;Morikawa et al, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the accepted classifications of esterases is by their inhibition properties (Meyers, 1960;Krisch, 1971;Walker and Mackness, 1983). Carboxylesterases are known to be serine hydrolases and therefore are strongly inhibited by organophosphorus compounds.…”

Section: Inhibitor Spec$citymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carboxyllesterases, the false target enzymes of insecticides, have both broad substrate specificities and distribution in the tissues of most organisms (Meyers, 1960;Krisch, 1971;Walker and Mackness, 1983). Carboxylesterases hydrolyse aliphatic and aromatic esters, as well as amides and thioesters, and are important in the metabolism of xenobiotics of the ester or amide type (Krisch, 1971;Dudman and Zemer, 1975; *Department of Chemistry, Central College, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 001, India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification, characterization and properties of carboxylesterase from the midgut of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Murthy

Veerabhadrappa

1996

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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A carboxylesterase has been purified from the midgut of the silkworm Bonbyx mod L. by a combination of ammonium sulphate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography, Sephacryl S-200 gel-filtration and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The homogeneity of the enzyme was established by PAGE, isoelectricfocusing (IEF) and SDS-PAGE. The enzyme consists of two identical subunits with a subunit molecular weight of 72,000. The two subunits are held by non-covalent bonds. Amino acid analysis of the purified enzyme revealed a high content of hydrophobic amino acid residues. It lacks proline and tryptophan residues and free thiol groups. The data from substrate specificity study in conjunction with kinetic parameters indicate the hydrophobic nature of the active site.

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“…Esterase is a polymorphic group of isozymes that play important biochemical roles in insects. This group is composed of a heterogeneous set of hydrolytic enzymes that are widely distributed among organisms and that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters, peptides, amides and halides (Walker & Mackness, 1983). They are involved in digestive (Argentine & James, 1995) and reproductive processes (Karotam et al, 1993), the degradation of insecticides (Feyereisen, 1995) and female sex pheromones after male recognition (Vogt & Riddiford, 1981) and in the regulation of juvenile hormone levels (Gu & Zera, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Duplication and Subsequent Differentiation of Esterases in Cactophilic Drosophila Species

Mateus¹,

Machado²,

Ceron³

2011

Gene Duplication

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Esterases: Problems of identification and classification

Cited by 128 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses

Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses

Purification, characterization and properties of carboxylesterase from the midgut of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Gene Duplication and Subsequent Differentiation of Esterases in Cactophilic Drosophila Species

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