Establishment techniques affect productivity, nutritive value and atmospheric N<sub>2</sub> fixation of two sunn hemp cultivars

Jaramillo, David M.; Dubeux, José C. B.; Vendramini, J. M. B.; Queiroz, Luana M. D.; Santos, Erick R. S.; Ruiz‐Moreno, Martin; Garcia, Liza; Abreu, Daciele S.; Miranda, Lucas Ramos de; Siqueira, Michelle Cristina Fernando de

doi:10.1111/gfs.12472

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Jaramillo et al. (2020) showed annual N fixation of 41 and 25 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for Crescent Sunn and Blue Leaf, respectively, performing the study in North Florida. These genotypes had comparable HA to the values reported in the current study (Table 2), but less N fixation was exhibited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Cherr, Scholberg, and McSorley (2006), evaluated sunn hemp performance as a green manure in central Florida and reported HA of 4.0 Mg DM ha −1 at 60 d after seeding. In northern Florida, Jaramillo et al (2020) reported a HA of 1.7 and 3.2 Mg DM ha −1 for Blue Leaf and Crescent Sunn, respectively, at 60 d after seeding. Conversely, CP concentrations decreased as HA increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments with sunn hemp in Cuba and Uganda showed N fixation ranges from 80 to 100 and 167 kg N ha -1 yr -1 at 60 and 130 d after sowing, respectively (Ramos et al, 2001;Wortmann et al, 2000). Jaramillo et al (2020) showed annual N fixation of 41 and 25 kg N ha -1 yr -1 for Crescent Sunn and Blue Leaf, respectively, performing the study in North Florida. These genotypes had comparable HA to the values reported in the current study (Table 2), but less N fixation was exhibited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In northern Florida, Jaramillo et al. (2020) reported a HA of 1.7 and 3.2 Mg DM ha −1 for Blue Leaf and Crescent Sunn, respectively, at 60 d after seeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schomberg et al (2007) tested Tropic Sun sunn hemp and observed an HA of 7 Mg dry matter (DM) ha −1 in Georgia, evaluating planting date to obtain the greatest forage accumulation 60 d after seeding. Jaramillo et al (2020) tested Blue Leaf and Crescent Sun sunn hemp genotypes in Florida and reported that Crescent Sun had greater HA than Blue Leaf (3.2 vs. 1.7 Mg DM ha −1 ) 45 d after seeding; however, Blue Leaf had greater CP (188 vs. 176 g kg −1 ) and in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM) concentration (564 vs. 531 g kg −1 ). Some articles reported sunn hemp CP concentrations, ranging from 110 to 180 g kg −1 (Foster, Muir, Bow, & Valencia, 2017), 100 to 160 g kg −1 (Mansoer et al, 1997), and 110 to 125 g kg −1 (Balkcom & Reeves, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

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Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is an annual legume widely used as cover crop; however, there is potential to use it as forage. The objective of this study was to evaluate forage characteristics of 5 sunn hemp genotypes (HA, nutritive value, N fixation and nematode control), and beef heifer responses (intake and digestibility) to sunn hemp dietary inclusion. Two experiments were conducted at Ona, FL in 2016 and 2017. In Exp. 1, treatments were the factorial arrangement of five sunn hemp genotypes (AU Golden, Crescent Sunn, Ubon, This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Blue Leaf and Red Mini) and two harvesting time (60 d after seeding or flowering) in a randomized complete block design. In Exp. 2, treatments were 100% sun hemp hay, 50% sunn hemp-50% bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] hay, or 100% bermudagrass hay diets distributed in a completely randomized design. In Exp. 1, Crescent Sunn had the greatest HA [15.2 Mg dry matter (DM) ha-1 ], N fixation (81 kg N ha-1) and nematode control (80% reduction). AU Golden had the greatest crude protein (CP) concentration at 60 d after seeding and flowering (155 and 162 g kg-1 , respectively). In Exp. 2, increasing the proportion of sunn hemp in the diet decreased total forage DM intake (1.6, 1.4 and 1.2 as a % bodyweight with 0, 50 and 100% sunn hemp inclusion). Sunn hemp harvested 60 d after seeding is adequate to meet the nutritional requirements of most beef cattle categories but the genotype choice affects HA and nutritive value.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In northern Florida, Jaramillo et al. (2020) reported a HA of 1.7 and 3.2 Mg DM ha −1 for Blue Leaf and Crescent Sunn, respectively, at 60 d after seeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

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Residue management and genotype effect on sunn hemp organic matter and nitrogen decomposition

et al. 2022

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Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is a warm‐season legume often used as a cover crop; however, there is limited information about nutrient cycling of sunn hemp residue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sunn hemp genotype and residue management on plant characteristics, decomposition, and suppression of Fusarium, Pythium, Sclerotinia, and Sclerotium microbe species. Two field experiments were conducted in Ona, FL. In Experiment 1, treatments were the split‐plot arrangement of three sunn hemp genotypes (Ubon, Blue Leaf, and ‘Tropic Sun’; main plot) and two biomass managements (removal or leaving the biomass on the field; subplot), distributed in a randomized complete block design. There was a greater biomass accumulation in 2019, but with no differences among genotypes (mean = 4,431 kg DM ha−1). Blue Leaf had greater N concentration than Ubon (23 vs. 19 g kg−1) and greater suppression of the Phytium populations than Ubon and Tropic sun in 2019 (0.9 vs. 2.0 colony forming unit g soil−1). In Experiment 2, the litter bag technique was used to estimate biomass and N decomposition. Treatments were the factorial arrangement of three genotypes and two residue management strategies (incorporated into the soil or placed on the soil surface). Sunn hemp biomass incorporation enhanced organic matter disappearance and N mineralization rate but leaving sunn hemp on the soil surface may result in a steadier N supply for the subsequent crop.

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Sunn hemp biomass accumulation, regrowth, and nutritive value in response to harvest time and cutting height

Shortnacy

Eberle

Paisley

2023

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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The integrated crop‐livestock systems of the northern High Plains are lacking in annual legumes that meet the nutrient demands of beef cattle when alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is in limited supply. We investigated the biomass accumulation, regrowth biomass, and nutritive value of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) in response to initial harvest day and cutting height in irrigated and dryland studies in Wyoming. Net biomass accumulations in 105‐day growing period were 4.4 tons acre−1 under irrigation and 0.7 tons acre−1 in dryland conditions. Initial harvest day after planting (iDAP) affected initial and regrowth biomass accumulation but did not affect net biomass accumulation in irrigated or dryland studies. Regrowth and net biomass accumulations were affected by cutting height in the irrigated study only. Nutritive value concentrations were significantly affected by iDAP in both irrigated and dryland studies. Under irrigation, net nutrient accumulation was not affected by iDAP but was significantly greater with a cutting height of 4.2 inches compared to 2.5‐ and 6‐inch heights. In contrast, the dryland study, net nutrient accumulation was not affected by cutting height but was higher in 55–105 iDAP than 45 iDAP. In the irrigated study, a cutting height of 4.2 inches produced net accumulations higher in both biomass accumulation and nutritive value. In the dryland study a harvest time of 55–105 iDAP produced the highest net accumulation regardless of harvest time or cutting height. Sunn hemp can be harvested once or twice in a 105‐day growing season to produce biomass and essential nutrients for livestock feeding.

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Establishment techniques affect productivity, nutritive value and atmospheric N₂ fixation of two sunn hemp cultivars

Abstract: Grass Forage Sci. 2020;75:153-158. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/gfs | 153

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

Residue management and genotype effect on sunn hemp organic matter and nitrogen decomposition

Sunn hemp biomass accumulation, regrowth, and nutritive value in response to harvest time and cutting height

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Establishment techniques affect productivity, nutritive value and atmospheric N2 fixation of two sunn hemp cultivars

Abstract: Grass Forage Sci. 2020;75:153-158. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/gfs | 153

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

Harvest management and genotype effects on sunn hemp forage characteristics

Residue management and genotype effect on sunn hemp organic matter and nitrogen decomposition

Sunn hemp biomass accumulation, regrowth, and nutritive value in response to harvest time and cutting height

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Establishment techniques affect productivity, nutritive value and atmospheric N₂ fixation of two sunn hemp cultivars