Establishment of the nasal microbiota in the first 18 months of life: Correlation with early-onset rhinitis and wheezing

Ta, Le Duc Huy; Yap, Gaik Chin; Tay, Carina Jing Xuan; Lim, Alicia Shi Min; Huang, Chiung Hui; Chu, Collins Wenhan; Sessions, Paola Flórez de; Goh, Anne; Bever, Hugo P.S. Van; Teoh, Oon Hoe; Soh, Jian Yi; Thomas, Biju; Ramamurthy, Mahesh Babu; Goh, Daniel Y T; Lay, Christophe; Soh, Shu‐E; Chan, Yiong Huak; Saw, Seang‐Mei; Kwek, Kenneth; Chong, Yap Seng; Godfrey, Keith M.; Hibberd, Martin L.; Lee, Bee Wah

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.01.032

Cited by 66 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The literature about the nasal microbiome in healthy adults and infants also describes enrichment for members of these three phyla, but Proteobacteria (Moraxella) seem less abundant in the adult healthy cohorts compared with our paediatric AD cohort. [31][32][33] Skin lesions were clearly dominated by staphylococci, consistently with the literature about the skin microbiome in AD. 6,34 While the nasal samples also showed staphylococci, only a few patients showed staphylococcal dominance in the nose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In addition, age was recognized before as a factor that drives the nasal microbial composition in infants. 10,33,38 We confirmed this finding in our paediatric cohort that included patients of a wide age range. Despite the age range, most of the children in whom we studied the nasal microbiome were young; 75% were younger than 6 years (with 39% younger than 2 years) and only 11% were adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In an additional analysis, we showed that the association between AD severity and the nasal microbiome in our cohort was independent of asthma (Table S1; see Supporting Information). In addition, age was recognized before as a factor that drives the nasal microbial composition in infants . We confirmed this finding in our paediatric cohort that included patients of a wide age range.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Nasal and skin microbiomes are associated with disease severity in paediatric atopic dermatitis

et al. 2019

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Summary Background Alterations of the skin microbiome have been associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) and its severity. The nasal microbiome in relation to AD severity is less well studied. Objectives We aimed to characterize the nasal and skin microbiomes in children with AD in relation to disease severity. In addition, we explored the differences and correlations between the nasal and skin communities. Methods We characterized the microbial composition of 90 nasal and 108 lesional skin samples cross‐sectionally from patients with AD, using 16S‐rRNA sequencing. In addition, a quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis on the skin samples, and AD severity was estimated using the self‐administered Eczema Area and Severity Index. Results We found an association between the microbial composition and AD severity in both the nose and skin samples (R2 = 2·6%; P = 0·017 and R2 = 7·0%; P = 0·004), strongly driven by staphylococci. However, other species also contributed, such as Moraxella in the nose. Skin lesions were positive for S. aureus in 50% of the children, and the presence and the load of S. aureus were not associated with AD severity. Although the nose and skin harbour distinct microbial communities (n = 48 paired samples; P < 0·001), we found that correlations exist between species in the nose and (other) species on the skin. Conclusions Our results indicate that both the nasal and the skin microbiomes are associated with AD severity in children and that, next to staphylococci, other species contribute to this association.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Nasal and skin microbiomes are associated with disease severity in paediatric atopic dermatitis

et al. 2019

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“…The COPSAC cohort demonstrated for the first time that in newborns ( n = 321), the nasal bacterial colonization with S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, H. influenzae, or a combination of these organisms, is significantly associated with an increased risk for recurrent wheeze and asthma early in life ( 58 ). Similar findings have been reported by three additional birth cohorts that have used microbiome and/or host transcriptomic approaches to establish a longitudinal link between the early-life nasal microbiome and the subsequent risk of respiratory diseases ( 56 , 59 – 61 ). It is important to note that the latter human-based data are consistent with the substantial collection of accumulated evidence in animal models showing that specific microbial populations during early development can lead to immune-related abnormalities later in life ( 17 , 22 , 62 – 66 ).…”

Section: New Insights Into the Stereotypical Early Life Development Osupporting

confidence: 83%

Epigenomics and Early Life Human Humoral Immunity: Novel Paradigms and Research Opportunities

et al. 2020

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The molecular machinery controlling immune development has been extensively investigated. Studies in animal models and adult individuals have revealed fundamental mechanisms of disease and have been essential to understanding how humans sense and respond to cellular stress, tissue damage, pathogens and their environment. Nonetheless, our understanding of how immune responses originate during human development is just starting to emerge. In particular, studies to unveil how environmental and other non-heritable factors shape the immune system at the beginning of life offer great promise to yield important knowledge about determinants of normal inter-individual immune variation and to prevent and treat many human diseases. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of some of the mechanisms determining early life antibody production as a model of an immune process with sequential molecular checkpoints susceptible to influence by non-heritable factors. We discuss the potential of epigenomics as a valuable approach that may reveal not only relevant gene-environment interactions but important clues about immune developmental processes and homeostasis in early life. We then highlight the novel paradigm of human immunology as a complex field that nowadays requires a longitudinal systems-biology approach to understand normal variation and developmental changes during the first few years of life.

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“…Similar associations with early-life microbiota have been reported by others for respiratory tract infections 14,15 and rhinitis. 16 Because the upper airways are the first site exposed to inhaled particles and provide signals that ultimately modulate disease susceptibility, we hypothesized that early-life exposures, Our results revealed that upper airway microbiota diversity at age 1 week was associated with both DNAm patterns and AR at age 6 years. Although the effect of microbial richness at 1 week on AR risk at age 6 years was statistically significant, the conditional effect (controlling for the epigenetic signature) was 61% smaller and not statistically significant, suggesting that a DNAm signature mediates the effect of microbial richness on the development of AR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Epigenetic landscape links upper airway microbiota in infancy with allergic rhinitis at 6 years of age

Morin

McKennan

Pedersen

et al. 2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Background: The upper airways present a barrier to inhaled allergens and microbes, which alter immune responses and subsequent risk for diseases, such as allergic rhinitis (AR). Objective: We tested the hypothesis that early-life microbial exposures leave a lasting signature in DNA methylation that ultimately influences the development of AR in children. Methods: We studied upper airway microbiota at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of life, and measured DNA methylation and gene expression profiles in upper airway mucosal cells and assessed AR at age 6 years in children in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood birth cohort. Results: We identified 956 AR-associated differentially methylated CpGs in upper airway mucosal cells at age 6 years, 792 of which formed 3 modules of correlated differentially methylated CpGs. The eigenvector of 1 module was correlated with the expression of genes enriched for lysosome and bacterial invasion of epithelial cell pathways. Early-life microbial diversity was lower at 1 week (richness P 5 .0079) in children with AR at age 6 years, and reduced diversity at 1 week was also correlated with the same module's eigenvector (r 5 20.25; P 5 3.3 3 10 25). We show that the effect of microbiota richness at 1 week on risk for AR at age 6 years was mediated in part by the epigenetic signature of this module. Conclusions: Our results suggest that upper airway microbial composition in infancy contributes to the development of AR during childhood, and this trajectory is mediated, at least in part, through altered DNA methylation patterns in upper airway mucosal cells. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020;nnn:nnn-nnn.)

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Establishment of the nasal microbiota in the first 18 months of life: Correlation with early-onset rhinitis and wheezing

Abstract: Our results support the hypothesis that the nasal microbiome is involved in development of early-onset rhinitis and wheeze in infants.

Cited by 66 publications

References 53 publications

Nasal and skin microbiomes are associated with disease severity in paediatric atopic dermatitis

Nasal and skin microbiomes are associated with disease severity in paediatric atopic dermatitis

Epigenomics and Early Life Human Humoral Immunity: Novel Paradigms and Research Opportunities

Epigenetic landscape links upper airway microbiota in infancy with allergic rhinitis at 6 years of age

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