Establishment of molecular diagnostics targeting the 23S ribosomal RNA gene for the detection of Mycoplasma suis infection in Thai domestic pigs

Thongmeesee, Kritsada; Sri-in, Chalida; Kaewthamasorn, Morakot; Thanee, Suchansa; Wattanaphansak, Suphot; Tiawsirisup, Sonthaya

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106759

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…M. haemosuis' in porcine blood samples. While most of the protocols are cross-specific for the haemoplasma species, others allow precise differentiation of the three porcine haemoplasma species without subsequent sequencing [19,[36][37][38]82,100,127]. Table 6 provides an overview of published PCR protocols used for porcine haemoplasmas that allow species differentiation without further amplicon sequencing.…”

Section: Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 6 provides an overview of published PCR protocols used for porcine haemoplasmas that allow species differentiation without further amplicon sequencing. Apart from PCR protocols, single protocols for other molecular methods for direct pathogen detection, e.g., loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or in situ hybridization, have been published [127,128].…”

Section: Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscopic methods have some disadvantages when it comes to sensitivity and specificity [51,105]. Dying artefacts as well as Howell-Jolly bodies can easily be confused with bacteria and, thus, can lead to a misinterpretation of examination results [127]. Moreover, microscopic detection only seems to be reliable with a certain bacterial load [51].…”

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haemotrophic Mycoplasmas Infecting Pigs: A Review of the Current Knowledge

Ade,

Eddicks,

Ritzmann

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Haemotrophic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are a group of highly specific and adapted bacteria. Three different haemoplasma species in pigs are known to date: Mycoplasma (M.) suis, M. parvum and ‘Candidatus (Ca.) M. haemosuis’. Even though these bacteria have been known in pig farming for a long time, it is difficult to draw general conclusions about the relevance of their infections in pigs. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the three porcine haemoplasma species with regards to clinical and pathological descriptions, pathobiology, epidemiology and diagnostics as well as prevention and therapy. Overall, it is clear that considerably more data are available for M. suis than for the other two species, but generally, porcine haemoplasmas were found to be highly prevalent all over the world. Mycoplasma suis is the most virulent species, causing acute infectious anaemia in pigs (IAP), whereas M. parvum usually results in chronic and subclinical infections associated with performance losses. Little is known about the clinical significance of the recently discovered third porcine species ‘Ca. M. haemosuis’. So far, the described pathogenic mechanisms mainly include direct destruction of erythrocytes via adhesion, invasion, eryptosis and nutrient scavenging, indirect erythrocyte lysis due to immune-mediated events and immune dysregulation processes. A review of published diagnostic data confirms PCR assays as the current standard method, with various cross-species and species-specific protocols. Overall, there is a need for further examination to obtain valuable insights for practical application, specifically regarding the importance of subclinical infections in naturally infected animals. An essential requirement for this will be to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms operating between the host and the pathogen.

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