Establishment of Fascioloides magna in a new region of Hungary: case report

Nagy, Eszter Sarkadi; Jócsák, Ildikó; Csivincsik, Ágnes; Zsolnai, Attila; Halász, Tibor; Nyúl, András; Plucsinszki, Zsolt; Simon, T. Humphrys; Szabó, Szilárd; Turbók, Janka; Nemes, Csaba; Sugár, László; Nagy, Gábor

doi:10.1007/s00436-018-6099-9

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Within the study area, F. magna is a new parasite for the local populations of both the red and roe deer [ 7 ]. Considering the prevalence and the mean intensity we detected in the two investigated species, the parasite could establish a permanent population in the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of F. magna , it is better to consider host–parasite interactions, whereas this parasite has no intention to kill the host. Since its first detection within the study site, two years had passed until the beginning of this investigation [ 7 ]. These circumstances suggested that the parasite had resided for a very short period, which could not be enough for a population level genetic change in deer populations of the area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We collected the samples from a regional endemic area in the Southern Transdanubian region of Hungary, where the presence of the giant liver fluke was confirmed in 2016, two years before the initiation of this investigation [ 7 ]. The study was conducted between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022 on a hunting area managed by SEFAG Forest Management and Wood Industry Share Company.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

et al. 2023

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The giant liver fluke (Fascioloides magna) is an invasive parasite found permanently in three foci in Europe. The fluke has an indirect life cycle involving a final and an intermediate host. The currently accepted terminology determines three types of final hosts: definitive, dead-end, and aberrant hosts. Recently, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) has been classified as an aberrant host, which cannot contribute to the reproduction of F. magna. This study investigated the hatchability of F. magna eggs of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer origin to compare the suitability of the two host species for the maintenance of the parasite. The study was carried out on a newly invaded area, two years after the first reported observation of F. magna. The prevalence of the parasite proved to be 68.4% (CI95% 44.6–85.3%) in red deer and 36.7% (CI95% 24.8–50.0%) in roe deer. The difference between the two species was confirmed to be significant (p = 0.02). The mean intensity proved to be 10.0 (CI95% 4.9–22.6) and 7.59 (CI95% 2.7–24.2) in the red deer and the roe deer, respectively. The difference of the mean intensities did not prove to be significant (p = 0.72). Of the 70 observed pseudocysts, 67 originated from red deer and 3 from roe deer. Most of the pseudocysts contained two flukes, while a few pseudocysts contained one or three parasites. Egg production was observed in all three types of pseudocysts. We did not find more than three flukes in any pseudocyst. The apparent proportion of self-fertilisation in flukes without mating partners was 23.5% and 100% in red deer and roe deer, respectively. The survival of single-parent eggs was not confirmed to be worse than that of gregarious parents. The viability of offspring originating from roe and red deer differed significantly. Our findings suggest that F. magna adapted to the new populations of susceptible hosts rather than vice versa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

et al. 2023

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“…Fascioloides magna was introduced to Europe in the 19 th century with imported game animals ( 3 , 30 ). Since then, it has become a parasite of veterinary importance, having spread to a variety of wild and domestic ruminant species in a number of European countries on both sides of the Danube: over 90% of red deer in some regions of the Czech Republic were found to be infected with F. magna ( 11 ), as well as 20%–100% of animals in Austria ( 29 ), over 50% in Croatia ( 9 ) and 33% to over 90% in Hungary ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) in the wild cervid population in the Lower Silesian Wilderness – epidemiological and pathological aspects

Filip-Hutsch

Pyziel-Serafin

Hutsch³

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Fascioloides magna is a parasite of high veterinary importance due to its pathogenicity for wild and domestic ruminants. The aim of our study was to describe the presence of trematode infection in the red deer population in the Lower Silesian Wilderness, one of the established fascioloidosis foci in Central Europe, and to assess the overall prevalence of F. magna in the studied area. In order to achieve this, a coprological study of different cervid species was performed. Material and Methods The livers of 99 red deer were collected over three years and examined for the presence of trematodes. Prevalence and infection intensity was estimated and a histopathological analysis was performed. In addition, 172 faecal samples from red deer, fallow deer and roe deer were examined. Results By year, Fascioloides magna was isolated from the livers of 2/30 (6.7%), 9/34 (26.5%) and 10/35 (28.6%) red deer. Severe hepatic lesions, including massive tissue damage, extensive fibrosis, and cirrhotic changes in the liver parenchyma were observed. Faecal examination revealed the presence of F. magna eggs, with a prevalence of approximately 40%, 50% and 53% in roe deer, fallow deer and red deer, respectively. Conclusion The eggs of F. magna may be commonly excreted in the faeces of roe deer, as well as those of red deer and fallow deer. The presence of F. magna throughout the cervid population in the Lower Silesian Wilderness favours the risk of the trematode’s transmission to livestock or farmed deer.

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“…Since the introduction of the giant liver fluke, Fascioloides (F.) magna (Bassi 1875) from North America, the trematode has established itself in numerous European countries starting off in Italy (Bassi 1875), the Czech Republic, and Slovakia (Erhardová-Kotrlá 1971;Kasny et al 2012;Rajsky et al 2002) spreading out to Austria (Sattmann et al 2014), Croatia (Janicki et al 2005), Hungary (Majoros et al 1994;Nagy et al 2018), and just recently to Germany (Plötz et al 2015, Rehbein et al 2021. Using different water snails of the family Lymnaeidae as intermediate hosts, the highly pathogenic fluke infects not only wild ruminants but also a variety of other mammals showing a variable pathogenicity depending on the affected definitive host species (Erhardová-Kotrlá 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascioloides magna and other liver parasites in cloven-hoofed game from northeastern Bavaria, Germany: occurrence and pathological findings with special emphasis on red deer (Cervus elaphus)

Sommer¹,

Drdlicek²,

Müller³

et al. 2022

Eur J Wildl Res

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The first detection of Fascioloides (F.) magna in northeastern Bavaria in 2011 was presumably correlated to natural migration movements of free ranging wild ruminants originating from the neighboring Czech Republic, where high infection rates have been reported frequently. To gain more data on the continuing spreading and current occurrence of the giant liver fluke in surrounding regions, 700 livers of cloven-hoofed game originating from eleven different northeastern Bavarian counties were investigated for the presence of F. magna and accompanying liver parasites in the hunting season 2019–2020. Macroscopically altered liver tissue was further investigated by pathohistological and parasitological examination. F. magna was detected in 5.9% (38/640) of livers from red deer (0.7% < 1 year, 9.8% > 1 year; p < 0.05) whereas none of the investigated livers of wild boar, roe, and fallow deer was infected (n=60). Mild pathological alterations of the liver tissue were documented in 15, moderate in 14, and major in 9 of all F. magna-positive cases. Histologically, the fluke-specific pigment haematin, large trematode eggs, and periportal fibrosis were detected in the liver tissue of infected animals. In 9% of all investigated livers, parasitic stages of other parasites, i.e., Dicrocoelium dendriticum (6.0%), Fasciola hepatica (0.3%), Taenia spp. (1.7%), and Echinococcus multilocularis (1.0%), were found. According to the results of this study, F. magna is not restricted to formerly known affected regions of Upper Franconia, but is also present in the military training ground Grafenwöhr, Upper Palatinate, and the Bavarian Forest National Park, Lower Bavaria, with estimated prevalences of 3.6 and 16.4%, respectively, and thus seems to spread in suitable habitats in northeastern Bavaria.

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Establishment of Fascioloides magna in a new region of Hungary: case report

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

The occurrence of Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) in the wild cervid population in the Lower Silesian Wilderness – epidemiological and pathological aspects

Fascioloides magna and other liver parasites in cloven-hoofed game from northeastern Bavaria, Germany: occurrence and pathological findings with special emphasis on red deer (Cervus elaphus)

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