Establishment of calculation model for the viscoplastic heat production in friction stir welding process

Yan, Fang; Zhang, Yucun; Fu, Xiang; Mi, Songtao

doi:10.1007/s40194-021-01126-y

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Rui et al (2022) proposed a measurement method to improve the accuracy of energy measurement, taking into account the topology of the natural gas transmission and distribution pipeline network and combining with the principle of gas balance. Yan et al (2021) proposed a simulation model of calorific value calculation, and suggested that the lowerlevel metering stations use this simulation method to assign the value to the calorific value of natural gas to achieve the purpose of reducing the investment and maintenance costs. Tsochatzidis and Karantanas (2012) evaluate gas calorific value data from different chromatographic systems in the northern part of the Greek gas transmission system using the method of determining the calorific uncertainty of multiple chromatographic systems.…”

Section: Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A study of operational decisions of city gas operators under the energy metering and pricing model

Wan,

Sun,

Wen

et al. 2024

Front. Energy Res.

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This study examines the quantitative conditions under which an energy metering pricing model is proposed to increase both gas merchant profits and gas customer consumer surplus compared to a volumetric pricing model. The quantitative condition is found to be related to factors such as the standard unit calorific value of natural gas prescribed by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and other relevant government departments under the energy metering pricing model. This paper establishes a mathematical model based on optimization theory to explore the operational decisions of city gas suppliers in the volumetric and energy metering and pricing modes, respectively, under the condition of relatively stable natural gas sales price. The results of the study show that DAC and other authorities can regulate the standard unit calorific value of natural gas under the energy metering and pricing model by regulating the standard unit calorific value of natural gas. This affects the incentives of gas dealers to produce and operate, guides the preference of gas users for natural gas energy metering and pricing, and results in the derivation of formulas for a reasonable range of standard unit calorific values for natural gas. The findings of this paper provide theoretical support to promote the reform of natural gas energy measurement and pricing, and contribute to the development of the natural gas industry.

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Section: Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%