Establishment of an Acute Rejection Model by Transplanting Both Renal Grafts Into Two Different Rats Using a Modified Method of Ureterovesical Anastomosis

Li, S.D.; Hu, Yu; Ye, P.; Wang, L.; Wang, Q.T.; Yang, Hang; Chen, W.G.; Zhou, Peng; Li, X.W.; Liang, Ping; Zhao, Youguang; Wang, Q.W.; Yang, Wei; Huang, Xiaoli; Li, Y.; Fan, Qi

doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.07.163

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There are several rat RT models created by combining species of rats that have been tailored for the investigation of specific immunologic processes and responses to intervention. 16,17 Grau and associates have described a technique in which both kidneys from a rat can be utilized for transplants with successful outcomes. 18 In conclusion, complications after RT in rats can be categorized into general, vascular, and urologic types that result from long transplant time, hypothermia, significant intraoperative blood loss, anastomosis failure, and ureteral anastomoses with stents or cannulas, which increase the risk of calculus formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Anatomy and Microvascular Surgical Technique Relevant to Experimental Renal Transplant in Rat Employing Aortic and Inferior Venacaval Conduits

Shrestha

Haylor²

2019

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Rat models of renal transplant are used to investigate immunologic processes and responses to therapeutic agents before their translation into routine clinical practice. In this study, we have described details of rat surgical anatomy and our experiences with the microvascular surgical technique relevant to renal transplant by employing donor inferior vena cava and aortic conduits. Materials and Methods: For this study, 175 rats (151 Lewis and 24 Fisher) were used to establish the FisherLewis rat model of chronic allograft injury at our institution. Anatomic and technical details were recorded during the period of training and establishment of the model. Results: A final group of 12 transplanted rats were studied for an average duration of 51 weeks for the Lewis-to-Lewis isografts (5 rats) and 42 weeks for the Fisher-to-Lewis allografts (7 rats). Functional measurements and histology confirmed the diagnosis of chronic allograft injury. Conclusions: Mastering the anatomic details and microvascular surgical techniques can lead to the successful establishment of an experimental renal transplant model. Key words: Animal model, Kidney transplant, Translational research IntroductionRenal transplant (RT) is the best form of renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease because it can improve quality of life, has a survival advantage, and is cost effective. 1 The present success of RT has evolved through advancements in the milestones of surgical techniques relevant for RT, understanding of the immunologic processes, immunosuppressive agents, tissue typing and crossmatch techniques, and ongoing research in the field of induction of tolerance, xenotransplantation, and organ bioengineering. 2 Experimental RT in rats has played a vital role in enhancing the understanding of the immunologic processes and application of immunosuppressive agents in clinical human RT. [3][4][5] For a successful RT in rats, in addition to paying attention to the pre-, intra-, and postoperative care of donors and recipients, a thorough understanding of the details of the anatomy is mandatory to successfully complete donor nephrectomy and recipient RT procedures.In rats, the anatomy of the retroperitoneum and the blood supply to the kidney, ureter, and bladder resemble those of humans; therefore, the principles of dissection during organ retrieval and implantation are similar. Lack of appropriate experience and skill is conducive to complications in donors and recipients and early transplant failure. 6 Our group has been involved in establishing a rat model of chronic allograft injury (CAI), and the experience gained during its successful establishment has been invaluable. Here, we describe the details of the surgical anatomy of the rat and our experience with microvascular surgical techniques of donor nephrectomy and implantation in the recipient by employing donor aortic and inferior vena cava conduits, which are relevant to experimental RT in rats. Materials and Methods AnimalsMale inbred Fisher (RT11v1) and Lewis (...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Anatomy and Microvascular Surgical Technique Relevant to Experimental Renal Transplant in Rat Employing Aortic and Inferior Venacaval Conduits

Shrestha

Haylor²

2019

Exp Clin Transplant

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“…Wistar and SD rats (200–250 g; Vitalriver, Beijing, China) were used in the renal transplantation model. This animal model was established by referring to published studies 12,13 . Animals were randomly divided into three groups: (i) an isogeneic control group (SD recipients receive grafts from SD donors, n = 15); (ii) a fully MHC‐mismatched allogeneic group, AR group (SD recipients receive grafts from Wistar donors, n = 15); and (iii) an AR + SVF group (SD recipients receive grafts from Wistar donors, recipients receive SVF isolated from Wistar rats during surgery, n = 15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of adipose stromal vascular fraction attenuates acute rejection in donation after circulatory death rat renal transplantation

et al. 2021

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Objective Stem cell therapy represents a new approach to induce immune tolerance in solid organ transplantation. However, the time‐consuming process of stem cell expending limits the range of stem cell treatment. Uncultured adipose stromal vascular fraction is considered an attractive cell source for cell‐based therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of stromal vascular fraction on the immune system in donation after circulatory death rat renal transplantation. Methods Stromal vascular fraction cells and splenocytes were co‐cultured to evaluate the effect of stromal vascular fraction on splenocyte proliferation and viability. Sprague–Dawley rats were used as donors. and Wistar rats as recipients to establish a donation after a circulatory death rat renal transplantation model. Warm ischemia time was 5 min. Stromal vascular fraction was administered in the rat model following the intra‐arterial route. The spleens and grafts of recipients were harvested on days 1, 3 and 7 post‐transplantation for assessing acute rejection, infiltration of inflammatory cells, indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase expression and T‐cell frequency in the spleen. Results Stromal vascular fraction could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of splenocytes in vitro (P < 0.05). The administration of stromal vascular fraction could significantly reduce acute rejection and infiltration of CD8+ T cells and mononuclear macrophages in grafts, and increase indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase expression (P < 0.05). The frequency of CD8+ T cells decreased, and the frequency of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells increased in the spleen of the acute rejection + stromal vascular fraction group on day 7 post‐transplantation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Administration of the adipose stromal vascular fraction could attenuate acute rejection in donation after circulatory death renal transplantation by increasing the ratio of regulatory T cells and enhancing indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase expression.

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“…Several experimental rat models of RT have been described previously. [1][2][3][4] Because of advantages of rat models of RT over other animal models, such as improved long-term survival, lower cost, simplicity of animal maintenance, less critical requirements for aseptic surgery, and wellestablished surgical techniques of vascular and ureteric anastomoses for RT, the model is commonly employed in transplant-related research. 5 A rodent model of RT was first described in rat (Rattus norvegicus) in 1965 by Bernard Fisher and Sun Lee at the American College of Surgeons Meeting in Chicago in 1961, with subsequent publication in 1965.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications and Their Prevention in Experimental Renal Transplantation in Rats

Shrestha

Haylor²

2019

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Experimental rat models of renal transplant have played a pivotal role in renal transplant research. Both intraoperative and postoperative complications during donor nephrectomy and implantation in the recipient can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this paper is to discuss the incidence, pathophysiology, and prevention of complications that occurred in the process of establishment of a rat model of chronic allograft injury at our institution. Materials and Methods: The complications observed while performing 67 consecutive donor nephrectomies and 61 renal transplants were recorded prospectively, and appropriate measures were taken to prevent these complications in the subsequent transplant procedures. Results: Donor-related complications included failure of the kidney to clear of blood by the kidney perfusion solution and intraoperative deaths. The recipientrelated complications included intraoperative hemorrhage, inadequately perfused kidneys with dusky appearance, congested and paralyzed hind limbs, urine leak, necrosis of the kidneys, renal and bladder calculi formation, and death during and after kidney transplant. Conclusions: Complications during donor nephrectomy and renal transplant can lead to significant loss of kidneys and animals. Proper recognition can allow appropriate measures to be taken to prevent these complications, thus achieving high-quality transplants and prolonged graft and animal survival.

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Establishment of an Acute Rejection Model by Transplanting Both Renal Grafts Into Two Different Rats Using a Modified Method of Ureterovesical Anastomosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Surgical Anatomy and Microvascular Surgical Technique Relevant to Experimental Renal Transplant in Rat Employing Aortic and Inferior Venacaval Conduits

Surgical Anatomy and Microvascular Surgical Technique Relevant to Experimental Renal Transplant in Rat Employing Aortic and Inferior Venacaval Conduits

Administration of adipose stromal vascular fraction attenuates acute rejection in donation after circulatory death rat renal transplantation

Complications and Their Prevention in Experimental Renal Transplantation in Rats

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