Establishment of a canine model of acute pulmonary embolism with definite right ventricular dysfunction through introduced autologous blood clots

Zhao, Lei; Jia, Zhenyuan; Lu, Guang-Dong; Zhu, Yinsu; Lei, Jing; Shi, Haibin

doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.016

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The method of establishing the MPE was adopted from previously reported methods. 7,8 Using the 4F Cordis catheter, autologous blood clots with a volume of 3 Â 10 mm 2 were injected repetitively into the main pulmonary artery to establish the MPE model with associated circulatory shock. The detailed procedures were as follows: i) Autologous blood clots were placed at the tail end of the 4F catheter.…”

Section: Establishment Of the Rabbit Model Of Mpe Associated With Cirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been several previous reports on the establishment of a model of pulmonary hypertension in animals by APE, 5,7,8,12,13 but none of those studies aimed to induce the status of circulatory shock in the model setting. By repetitive bolus injection of autologous emboli with a volume of 3 Â 10 mm 2 into the pulmonary artery of the rabbit, the model of MPE associated with circulatory shock, as defined based on MAP and MPAP values, 14 was successfully established.…”

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rabbit model is quite similar to the canine APE model. 8 One apparent feature of the experimental protocol is that emboli were repeatedly injected into the pulmonary artery (branch trunk of the left upper and lower pulmonary arteries, and/or the main branch of the right upper, middle, and lower pulmonary arteries, as the target site of embolism) of the rabbits until the systemic arterial pressure declined to below 60 mmHg to induce the status of circulatory shock, whereas increasing the PAP two-to three-fold above normal was the goal of the previous study. 8 Apart from pressure changes, typical APE-induced signs were evidenced by pulmonary angiography and echocardiography examinations in this model.…”

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 One apparent feature of the experimental protocol is that emboli were repeatedly injected into the pulmonary artery (branch trunk of the left upper and lower pulmonary arteries, and/or the main branch of the right upper, middle, and lower pulmonary arteries, as the target site of embolism) of the rabbits until the systemic arterial pressure declined to below 60 mmHg to induce the status of circulatory shock, whereas increasing the PAP two-to three-fold above normal was the goal of the previous study. 8 Apart from pressure changes, typical APE-induced signs were evidenced by pulmonary angiography and echocardiography examinations in this model. In addition, the concentrations of vasoconstrictor substances, such as 5-HT, were significantly increased in the embolic and nonembolic areas after MPE, suggesting that vasoconstriction in the entire lung (embolic and nonembolic areas) might be a pathologic feature of MPE and might have contributed to Data are expressed as means AE SD.…”

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Beneficial Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside in a Rabbit Model of Massive Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Circulatory Shock

Wang

Zhong

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Pathology

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We established a rabbit model of acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE) with associated circulatory shock using autologous blood clots. Rabbits were randomly assigned to a sham operation group (S group), model group (M group; equal volume of saline intravenously after shock), and sodium nitroprusside group (SNP group; sodium nitroprusside intravenously after shock). SNP treatment significantly decreased mean pulmonary arterial pressure and increased mean arterial pressure and arterial partial pressure of oxygen and resulted in a partial reversal of the acute circulatory failure. The shock-reversal rate was 0% in the M group and 80% in the SNP group. Moreover, pulmonary artery angiography and echocardiography examinations evidenced alleviated PE-induced changes after SNP therapy. 5-Hydroxytryptamine was significantly reduced in both PE and non-PE tissues, thromboxane A level was significantly reduced in PE and tended to be lower in non-PE tissues, neutrophil accumulation was significantly reduced in both PE and non-PE tissues after SNP therapy. Our study demonstrated that pulmonary vasospasm in the nonembolic region might be a major pathologic factor leading to reduced left ventricular filling and circulatory shock after massive PE. Reduction of pulmonary vasospasm in the nonembolic area after SNP might serve as a major therapeutic mechanism involved in the observed beneficial effects of SNP in this model.

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Section: Establishment Of the Rabbit Model Of Mpe Associated With Cirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Characteristics Of Mpe In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acute Beneficial Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside in a Rabbit Model of Massive Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Circulatory Shock

Wang

Zhong

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…Blockade of pulmonary vasculature by the blood clots in the case of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) can lead to pulmonary hypertension and cardiopulmonary injury ( Zhao et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2019 ). Loss of blood flow to the distal pulmonary vasculature and reduced blood filling to the left ventricle post APE might also result in systemic circulatory failure (shock) and death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Inflammatory Mediators and Pulmonary Blood Flow in a Rabbit Model of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Combined With Shock

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Background The pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected in pulmonary embolism (PE) and non-pulmonary embolism (non-PE) tissues to explore the role of inflammation responses and their relationship with the pulmonary blood flow in a rabbit model of acute pulmonary embolism combined with shock. Methods and Results Nineteen rabbits were randomly divided into sham operation group (S group, n = 8) and massive PE (MPE group, n = 11). The MPE model was established by injecting the autologous blood clots into the main pulmonary artery of rabbit. Pulmonary angiography showed that the pulmonary circulation time was significantly prolonged in the MPE group, and pulmonary blood flow was attenuated at 120 min post PE. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining revealed enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration around the pulmonary vessels in PE and non-PE tissues, and obvious edema on the perivascular region. Meanwhile, the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase 1 (Arg-1) in pulmonary vascular and alveolar tissues were significantly upregulated and the iNOS/Arg-1 ratio was significantly higher in the MPE group than in the S group. Moreover, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were also significantly increased in PE and non-PE tissues, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) level was significantly increased in non-PE tissues in the MPE group as compared to the S group. Thromboxane A2 (TXA 2 ) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels were significantly higher in both PE and non-PE tissues in the MPE group than in the S group. Conclusion Activation of inflammation mediators in PE and non-PE tissues might be one of the crucial factors responsible for pulmonary vasculature constriction and pulmonary blood flow attenuation in this MPE model.

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Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Stern

2018

Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine

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Establishment of a canine model of acute pulmonary embolism with definite right ventricular dysfunction through introduced autologous blood clots

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Acute Beneficial Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside in a Rabbit Model of Massive Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Circulatory Shock

Acute Beneficial Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside in a Rabbit Model of Massive Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Circulatory Shock

Association Between Inflammatory Mediators and Pulmonary Blood Flow in a Rabbit Model of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Combined With Shock

Pulmonary Thromboembolism

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