Establishing operations, cognition, and emotion

Dougher, Michael J.; Hackbert, Lucianne

doi:10.1007/bf03391996

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…For instance, rumination may be negatively reinforced through decreased or avoided engagement with the current environment (Kanter et al, 2008), and self-critical verbal statements may be positively reinforced with sympathetic social attention (Dougher & Hackbert, 2000). However, these verbal processes are likely to increase depression in the long term by reducing opportunities for engagement in positively reinforced healthy behaviors, and they may also result in social avoidance by others (Biglan, 1991), which could further contribute to depression maintenance.…”

Section: Directions For Future Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral activation for depression in older adults: Theoretical and practical considerations

Polenick

Flora

2013

BEHAV ANALYST

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Late-life depression (LLD) is a major public health concern that can have devastating effects on older individuals and their families. Behavioral theories predict that decreases in responsecontingent positive reinforcement and increases in negatively reinforced avoidance behaviors, often accompanied by aversive life events, result in the selection and maintenance of depression. Based on these theories, behavioral activation treatments for depression are designed to facilitate structured increases in enjoyable activities that increase opportunities for contact with positive reinforcement. We discuss the applicability of behavioral models for LLD, and we briefly review current behavioral activation interventions for LLD with an emphasis on implications for future behavior-analytic research. Behavioral activation has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing depression and increasing healthy behavior in older adults. Potential challenges and considerations for future research are discussed. We suggest that applied behavior analysts and clinical behavior analysts are particularly well suited to improve and expand on the knowledge base and practical application of behavioral activation interventions with this population.

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Section: Directions For Future Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral activation for depression in older adults: Theoretical and practical considerations

Polenick

Flora

2013

BEHAV ANALYST

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“…21,No. 2) contained sections dedicat-ed to the EO. The EO concept has also been discussed in several other publications (e.g., Agnew, 1998;Biglan, 1995;Chase & Hyten, 1985;Dougher & Hackbert, 2000;Guerin, 1994;Hall & Sundberg, 1987;Klatt & Morris, 2001;Lamarre & Holland, 1985;Lohrmann-O'Rourke & Yurman, 2001;Poling, 1986;Poling & Byrne, 2000;Schlinger & Poling, 1998;Sigafoos, 1999;Wilder & Carr, 1998). The EO concept has even appeared in non-English-language journals.…”

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confidence: 91%

Motivating Operations and Terms to Describe Them: Some Further Refinements

Laraway

Snycerski

Michael

et al. 2003

J of App Behav Analysis

536

381

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Over the past decade, behavior analysts have increasingly used the term establishing operation (EO) to refer to environmental events that influence the behavioral effects of operant consequences. Nonetheless, some elements of current terminology regarding EOs may interfere with applied behavior analysts' efforts to predict, control, describe, and understand behavior. The present paper (a) describes how the current conceptualization of the EO is in need of revision, (b) suggests alternative terms, including the generic term motivating operation (MO), and (c) provides examples of MOs and their behavioral effects using articles from the applied behavior analysis literature.DESCRIPTORS: motivation, establishing operations, abolishing operations, motivating operations, behavior-analytic terminologyThe term establishing operation (EO), originally used by Keller and Schoenfeld (1950) and then by Millenson (1967) to denote motivating events, has been revived and reformulated in a series of papers by Michael (e.g., 1982Michael (e.g., , 1983Michael (e.g., , 1988Michael (e.g., , 1993aMichael (e.g., , 1993bMichael (e.g., , 2000. Michael defined EOs as environmental events, operations, or stimulus conditions that affect an organism's behavior by altering (a) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of other environmental events and (b) the frequency of occurrence of that part of the organism's repertoire relevant to those events as consequences. Michael termed the first effect the reinforcer-establishing effect and the second effect the evocative effect. Unconditioned establishing operations (UEOs) do not require a learning history to change the effectiveness of consequences. In contrast, conditioned establishing operations (CEOs) acquire their motivating function as a result of a particular learning history. Michael

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“…Según Mattaini (1996b) los antecedentes incluyen las ocasiones, que corresponden a las circunstancias bajo las cuales es probable que se presenten ciertas consecuencias, que incrementen o disminuyan la probabilidad de emisión de las respuestas; los antecedentes estructurales, que hacen referencia a aspectos de la persona o situación que son relativamente invariantes, y que pueden proveer los medios o herramientas para que la conducta ocurra; las operaciones de establecimiento, que refieren a eventos o condiciones que potencialización la efectividad de un refuerzo o que reducen la probabilidad de ciertas conductas al disminuir o aumentar el valor de los factores del contexto (Dougher y Hackberg, 2000;Michael, 1993); los modelos de imitación y las reglas, que se entienden como los factores antecedentes de tipo verbal que especifican o alteran la función de los eventos contextuales con los que se relacionan las respuestas de los individuos (Hayes, Gifford y Hayes, 1998). Dentro de la práctica también es relevante puntualizar las instancias entrelazadas que a ella pertenecen, y dentro de las consecuencias, el resultado o producto a nivel operante y el agregado de la práctica (Mattaini, 1996b).…”

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Análisis metacontingencial de la obesidad mórbida como problemática de salud pública

Pulido-Castelblanco

Novoa-Gomez²,

Muñoz-Martínez

2013

Ter Psicol

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ResumenEl análisis metacontingencial es una estrategia ventajosa para la explicación de fenómenos socio-culturales a partir de los principios del análisis del comportamiento. Los estudios relacionados con la obesidad se han centrado en aspectos de orden epidemiológico, que han resultado útiles para caracterizarla, pero no han logrado explicar e identificar las relaciones entre los factores del contexto particular y los de tipo global, que son críticos para la adquisición y mantenimiento de esta, con los comportamientos de las personas con obesidad. En este artículo se realizó el mapa de contingencias para esta problemática, con base en la propuesta de Matainni (1996), que muestra las relaciones de dependencia entre las conductas, las ocasiones, los modelos, las reglas y las consecuencias. Además se señalan aspectos importantes que se podrían modificar para cambiar algunos factores implicados en el mantenimiento de la obesidad y ayudar a disminuir su incidencia y prevalencia, entendiéndola a nivel cultural. Palabras clave: Metacontingencias, análisis del comportamiento, obesidad, prácticas culturales, salud pública. AbstractMetacontingencial Analysis had been a useful strategy to explain socio-cultural phenomenon, with base on behavior analysis principles. Obesity studies, it was especially related with epidemiology aspects, whose principal result was characterizes these problem, but it doesn't achieve explain and neither establish the relations between particular and global contextual factor, that been critical to acquire and maintenance, and the behavior's obesity people. It make a contingencial map for this problem, base it on Matainni (1996) propose, this show dependent relations between behaviors, occasions, models, rules and consequences. Also presents important topics that could be changed to affect factors related with obesity maintenance and help to diminished its prevalence and incidence, understanding this phenomenon in a cultural level.

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Establishing operations, cognition, and emotion

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Behavioral activation for depression in older adults: Theoretical and practical considerations

Behavioral activation for depression in older adults: Theoretical and practical considerations

Motivating Operations and Terms to Describe Them: Some Further Refinements

Análisis metacontingencial de la obesidad mórbida como problemática de salud pública

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