Establishing norms for error-related brain activity during the arrow Flanker task among young adults

Imburgio, Michael J.; Banica, Iulia; Hill, Kaylin E.; Weinberg, Anna; Foti, Dan; MacNamara, Annmarie

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116694

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Consistent with previous research, ERN amplitudes were greater in males compared to females (Larson et al, 2011;Fischer et al, 2016;Imburgio et al, 2020). In particular, in our data, this difference is driven by more positive CRN amplitudes in males relative to females with no difference in ERN.…”

Section: Performance Monitoringsupporting

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex Differences in Anxiety: An Investigation of the Moderating Role of Sex in Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias to Threat in High Trait Anxious Individuals

Strand

Fang

Carlson

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Anxiety disorders are more predominant in women than men, however there is a lack of understanding as to what neurocognitive mechanisms drive this sex difference. Recent investigation has found a potential moderating role of sex in the relationship between anxiety and the error related negativity (ERN)—a component of error-monitoring that is prevalent in high anxiety individuals—such that females display a positive relationship between anxiety/worry and ERN amplitude. We strove to further explore the influence of sex on the relationship between trait anxiety and performance monitoring, specifically with ERN, as well as extend this work to include another hallmark of anxiety, attentional bias to threat. To meet this end, participants performed the flanker and dot-probe tasks, respectively. We did not find a significant difference in the relationship between attention bias scores and anxiety for female vs. males participants. Furthermore, ΔERN amplitudes were greater in males compared to females, and males had more positive CRN amplitudes than females. There were no significant associations between ERN or ΔERN with anxiety in both male and female participants. However, there was a significant relationship between CRN amplitudes and trait anxiety in male but not female participants. Given these results, the effect of sex on the relationship between components of performance monitoring—namely the CRN and ERN—and anxiety may be more nuanced than the current understanding. Our study was limited to detecting medium to large sized moderation effects. Our findings may be important for future meta-analysis on sex differences in anxiety.

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Section: Performance Monitoringsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Recent investigations into the ERN and CRN have found sex differences. Males exhibit increased ERN amplitudes relative to females (Larson et al, 2011 ; Fischer et al, 2016 ; Imburgio et al, 2020 ). Worry in particular is associated with enhanced ERN and CRN amplitudes in female but not male undergraduates (Moran et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Anxiety: An Investigation of the Moderating Role of Sex in Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias to Threat in High Trait Anxious Individuals

Strand

Fang

Carlson

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Overall, the tasks succeeded in eliciting an ERN at fronto-central sites when participants committed errors, which resembled the typical ERN as observed in more classic tasks such as the Eriksen Flanker task (Imburgio et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Bearing in mind that the reported results are based on small sample sizes, it is noteworthy that the ERNs produced by the different task versions were slightly less pronounced and some peaked earlier than typically found with the Flanker task (Hajcak & Foti, 2008). Moreover, whereas commonly reaction times for error trials are found to be shorter than those for correct trials (Aarts & Pourtois, 2010;Imburgio et al, 2020), the opposite pattern was found in all of the piloted versions of this paradigm. However, a study that compared the ERN elicited by errors on the visual Flanker task with an interoceptive discrimination task using respiratory stimuli reported that the interoceptive ERN (intERN) did peak significantly earlier than the exteroceptive ERN (Tan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trial and Error (-Related Negativity):An Odyssey of Integrating Different Experimental Paradigms

Traxler

Philips

Leupoldt

2020

JOTE

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Pain can be considered as a signal of “bodily error”: Errors – discrepancies between the actual and optimal/targeted state – can put organisms at danger and activate behavioral defensive systems. If the error relates to the body, pain is the warning signal that motivates protective action such as avoidance behavior to safeguard our body’s integrity. Hence, pain shares the functionality of errors. On the neural level, an important error processing component is the error-related negativity (ERN), a negative deflection in the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal generated primarily in the anterior cingulate cortex within 100 ms after error commission. Despite compelling evidence that the ERN plays an important role in the development of various psychopathologies and is implicated in learning and adjustment of behavior, its relation to pain-related avoidance has not yet been examined. Based on findings from anxiety research, it seems conceivable that individuals with elevated ERN amplitudes are more prone to engage in pain-related avoidance behavior, which may, under certain conditions, be a risk factor for developing chronic pain. Consequently, this new line of research promises to contribute to our understanding of human pain. As in most novel research areas, a first crucial step for integrating the scientific fields of ERN and pain is developing a paradigm suited to address the needs from both fields. The present manuscript presents the development and piloting of an experimental task measuring both ERN and avoidance behavior in response to painful mistakes, as well as the challenges encountered herein. A total of 12 participants underwent one of six different task versions. We describe in detail each of these versions, including their results, shortcomings, our solutions, and subsequent steps. Finally, we provide some advice for researchers aiming at developing novel paradigms.

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“…In light of the potential clinical utility of ERN as a biomarker for symptoms of and risk for anxiety (Hajcak et al, 2019), at least one large-scale effort to establish normative ERN and Pe data has been undertaken (Imburgio et al, 2020). Such efforts are challenged by a lack of standardization of methods for recording ERN/Pe and a lack of an understanding of the methodological choices that impact ERN/Pe scores (Clayson, Kappenman, et al, in press).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Data-Processing Multiverse of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs): A Roadmap for the Optimization and Standardization of ERP Processing and Reduction Pipelines

Clayson¹,

Baldwin²,

Rocha³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In studies of event-related brain potentials (ERPs), numerous decisions about data processing are required to extract ERP scores from continuous data. Unfortunately, the systematic impact of these choices on the data quality and psychometric reliability of ERP scores or even ERP scores themselves is virtually unknown, which is a barrier to the standardization of ERPs. The aim of the present study was to optimize processing pipelines for the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) by considering a multiverse of data processing choices. A multiverse analysis of a data processing pipeline examines the impact of a large set of different reasonable choices to determine the robustness of effects, such as the impact of different decisions on between-trial standard deviations (i.e., data quality) and between-condition differences (i.e., experimental effects). ERN and Pe data from 298 healthy young adults were used to determine the impact of different methodological choices on data quality and experimental effects (correct vs. error trials) at several key stages: highpass filtering, lowpass filtering, ocular artifact correction, reference, baseline adjustment, scoring sensors, and measurement procedure. This multiverse analysis yielded 3,456 ERN scores and 576 Pe scores per person. An optimized pipeline for ERN included a .01 Hz highpass filter, 15 Hz lowpass filter, ICA-based ocular artifact correction, and a region of interest (ROI) approach to scoring. For Pe, the optimized pipeline included a .10 Hz highpass filter, 30 Hz lowpass filter, regression-based ocular artifact correction, a -200 to 0 ms baseline adjustment window, and an ROI approach to scoring. The multiverse approach can be used to optimize pipelines for eventual standardization, which would support efforts toward establishing normative ERP databases. The proposed process of analyzing the data-processing multiverse of ERP scores paves the way for better refinement, identification, and selection of data processing parameters, ultimately improving the precision and utility of ERPs.

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Establishing norms for error-related brain activity during the arrow Flanker task among young adults

Cited by 42 publications

References 107 publications

Sex Differences in Anxiety: An Investigation of the Moderating Role of Sex in Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias to Threat in High Trait Anxious Individuals

Sex Differences in Anxiety: An Investigation of the Moderating Role of Sex in Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias to Threat in High Trait Anxious Individuals

Trial and Error (-Related Negativity):An Odyssey of Integrating Different Experimental Paradigms

The Data-Processing Multiverse of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs): A Roadmap for the Optimization and Standardization of ERP Processing and Reduction Pipelines

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