Establishing Life Cycle Inventories of Chemicals Based on Differing Data Availability (9 pp)

Hischier, Roland; Hellweg, Stefanie; Capello, Christian; Primas, Alex

doi:10.1065/lca2004.10.181.7

Cited by 120 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These data sources allowed a mass balance of all massbased input and output flows for each synthetic step to be generated. In the case of low data availability, the LCI analysis approach by Hischier et al [58] was followed; this allowed for the integration of average values with regard to transport, [59] energy and water consumption, [60] and plant infrastructure. For the investigated fine chemical upstream processes, an average organic solvent recovery rate of 71 % was assumed.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Analysis within Pharmaceutical Process Optimization and Intensification: Case Study of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Production

et al. 2014

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As the demand for new drugs is rising, the pharmaceutical industry faces the quest of shortening development time, and thus, reducing the time to market. Environmental aspects typically still play a minor role within the early phase of process development. Nevertheless, it is highly promising to rethink, redesign, and optimize process strategies as early as possible in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) process development, rather than later at the stage of already established processes. The study presented herein deals with a holistic life-cycle-based process optimization and intensification of a pharmaceutical production process targeting a low-volume, high-value API. Striving for process intensification by transfer from batch to continuous processing, as well as an alternative catalytic system, different process options are evaluated with regard to their environmental impact to identify bottlenecks and improvement potentials for further process development activities.

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Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Analysis within Pharmaceutical Process Optimization and Intensification: Case Study of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Production

et al. 2014

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“…Bei Neuentwicklungen in diesen Anwendungsbereichen wäre es für eine vergleichende ökologische wie ökonomische Bewertung hilfreich, Datensätze zur Herstellung der entsprechenden Substanzen in Datenbanken zu finden. Diese Angaben sind aber meist nicht öffentlich zugänglich [38], so dass fehlende Datensätze zeit-und kostenaufwendig nachmodelliert werden müssen.…”

Section: Fallbeispiel 2: Energieabschätzung In Frühenunclassified

Application of Metrics in Early Stages of Process Development – Two Case Studies

Eissen

Brinkmann

Klein

et al. 2011

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Application of Metrics in Early Stages of Process Development -Two Case StudiesIt is reasonable to use methods from the environment, health and safety management as well as from life cycle assessment already in early stages of process development. Against the background of poor data availability and data quality applications of metrics in early stages of process development are presented for two case studies. A comparative assessment of two alternative synthesis routes to the production of an enantiomerically pure b-amino acid has been realized. In addition to the analysis of the mass flows, material costs and different health assessment methods were explored. Using the example of the glutaraldehyde production it is demonstrated how the cumulated energy demand can be calculated with software tools in early stages of process development.

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“…Nevertheless, several barriers and limitations regarding the use of LCA for GC exist, although they are not fundamentally different to those mentioned in other fields. These barriers include LCA being perceived as time-consuming and costly (Lancaster 2002), the lack of background inventory data for many chemicals (Wernet et al 2009;Hischier et al 2005), the lack of foreground data during the early stages of product development (Heinzle et al 1998), and the focus on "potential" impacts rather than "actual" impacts or risks (accidents, exceeding toxicity thresholds in the environment, etc.) (Askham 2012).…”

Section: The Role Of Lca In Green Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Can we use LCA to make decisions at that stage? & Approaches and models for bridging data gaps for chemicals: thousands of chemical substances may be involved in GC practices, whereas inventory data are not easily available (Hischier et al 2005). Models to predict impacts from chemicals' production, based on molecular structure or other chemical properties, could be very useful tools for LCA application in GC (see Wernet et al 2009).…”

Section: Call For Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

LCA in Green Chemistry: a new subject area and call for papers

Muñoz

2012

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Establishing Life Cycle Inventories of Chemicals Based on Differing Data Availability (9 pp)

Cited by 120 publications

References 3 publications

Life Cycle Analysis within Pharmaceutical Process Optimization and Intensification: Case Study of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Production

Life Cycle Analysis within Pharmaceutical Process Optimization and Intensification: Case Study of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Production

Application of Metrics in Early Stages of Process Development – Two Case Studies

LCA in Green Chemistry: a new subject area and call for papers

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