Establecimiento in vitro de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L)

Abstract

<p>El arándano es un arbusto de la familia de las ericáceas, del género Vaccinium, al cual pertenecen varias especies, entre las que se reconoce V. corymbosum. Debido al alto valor medicinal y nutricional de sus frutos, estas plantas se consideran de gran interés económico y una alternativa de producción para agricultores de zonas altas. Para desarrollar la metodología de propagación masiva in vitro, se tomaron explantes provenientes de plantas adultas de arándano (variedad Avonblue) de la Estación Experimental Fraijanes de la Universidad de Costa Rica, en Alajuela. Para el establecimiento in vitro, las estacas fueron sometidas a cuatro distintas desinfecciones, de igual manera se evaluó y comparó el efecto sobre la brotación de yemas de las citocininas 2iP (N6[2-isopentenil]adenina, isopenteniladenina), BAP (6-(benzilamino)-9-(2-tetrahidropiranil)-9H-purina, bencilaminopurina) y CPPU (N-(2-cloro-4-piridil)-N‘-fenilurea, Forclorofenurón) en una concentración de 2,5 mg L-1 . Se encontró que la utilización de brotes tiernos de las plantas maduras y la desinfección, que consistió de hipoclorito de sodio al 1,5% y 0,1% de Tween 20 por 40 minutos, permitió el mayor porcentaje de explantes asépticos y que la adición de CPPU indujo el mayor número de brotes a partir del explante inicial, sin embargo, el 2ip promovió la mayor longitud de los brotes.</p>

Adult Trees Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L.f.) D. Don Micropropagation: Factors Involved in the Success of the Process

“…In accordance with this result, in previous experiments in our lab, the highest number of NS/E was obtained in S. sempervirens when explants bigger than 1.5 cm in length were used [10]. Similarly, Hine et al [29] and Rafi and Salehi [44] developed an in vitro protocol for C. japonica and Cedrus deodara, using explants of mature trees from 1.0 to 2.5 cm in length, respectively. On the other hand, NS/E was higher on basal QL medium than on basal MS and DCR medium.…”

“…When root induction percentage was analyzed, no significant effect of sucrose concentration (1.5 or 3.0%) and light treatment was found. A similar result was observed in the organogenesis protocols of C. japonica, where the culture medium was supplemented with sucrose (from 1.5 to 3.0%) to obtain rooting [5,29,54].…”

“…In this study, contamination rates ranging from 28% to 39% were obtained using sodium hypochlorite. In this sense, our work obtained lower contamination rates than those recorded by [29] for C. japonica, who obtained 46% using calcium hypochlorite for surface sterilization of apical explants from adult trees. The sterilization protocol applied in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 resulted in an optimal in vitro establishment of C. japonica.…”

Cryopreservation of Seeds and Embryos of Jatropha curcas L.

“…This suggests that J. curcas seeds may be of intermediate storage behaviour. However, the classification of tropical seeds is not clear-cut, and some species initially considered recalcitrant are now grouped as intermediate or suborthodox [14]. Such is the case of coffee seeds (Coffea spp.…”

“…Seeds and zygotic embryos were used in cryopreservation experiments. Desiccation followed by rapid cooling was tested with whole seeds and isolated zygotic embryos, while the vitrification technique was experimented with zygotic embryos [14] [15].…”