Essential Technologies and Concepts for Massive Space Exploration: Challenges and Opportunities

Arzo, Sisay Tadesse; Sikeridis, Dimitrios; Devetsikiotis, Michael; Granelli, Fabrizio; Fierro, Rafael; Esmaeili, M.; Akhavan, Zeinab

doi:10.1109/taes.2022.3169126

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…To implement an IoT solution on the surface of Mars using satellite constellations, it is necessary to reconfigure and adapt the architecture currently used in terrestrial satellite constellations [14,16]. Also, the new architecture must be integrated with the pre-existing communications systems between both planets [11].…”

Section: Proposed Architecture For Mars Exploration With Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they must have enhanced protection against space radiation on Mars compared to Earth [21], as well as the problems associated with dust storms [22], extreme temperature [23], and high space radiation due to the lack of a magnetic field [24] and its tenuous atmosphere [25]. In that sense, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is making significant efforts to adopt IoT for space applications [11]. In the scenario involving Mars, it is crucial to integrate the IoT satellite communications architecture with the interplanetary communications system.…”

Section: Proposed Architecture For Mars Exploration With Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They use materials and components that resist radiation and the vacuum of space [22]. To prevent operational problems, internal thermal control and specific protection systems are implemented [11,23]. Error mitigation techniques are also implemented to ensure the integrity of transmitted data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For terrestrial IoT nodes, hardware-level adaptation can be conducted through dust protection systems, internal thermal control, and protection against space radiation. NASA is currently conducting studies in this area [11]. The feasibility of using electronic devices based on Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) has become a central issue in space mission planning [32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be applied to other planets after redesigning the communication architectures. Between the two options, studies position LoRa/LoRaWAN as an IoT connectivity protocol suitable for exploring Mars or the Moon [11] due to its energy efficiency [14,39,40] and greater robustness against the Doppler effect [14]. Its adaptation to the architecture proposed in Figure 2 focuses on guaranteeing communications between the IoT nodes and the satellites, for which it is necessary to use a LoRaWAN network server (LNS) to manage and administer the communications located physically on Earth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Architectural Framework and Feasibility of Internet of Things-Driven Mars Exploration via Satellite Constellations

Ledesma,

Lamo,

Fraire

et al. 2024

Electronics

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This study outlines a technical framework for Internet of Things (IoT) communications on Mars, leveraging Long Range (LoRa) technology to connect Martian surface sensors and orbiting satellites. The designed architecture adapts terrestrial satellite constellation models to Martian environments and the specific needs of interplanetary communication with Earth. It incorporates multiple layers, including Martian IoT nodes, satellite linkage, constellation configuration, and Earth communication, emphasizing potential Martian IoT applications. The analysis covers four critical feasibility aspects: the maximum communication range between surface IoT nodes and orbiting satellites, the satellite constellation’s message processing capacity to determine IoT node volume support, the communication frequency and visibility of IoT nodes based on the satellite constellation arrangement, and the interplanetary data transmission capabilities of LoRa-based IoT devices. The findings affirm LoRa’s suitability for Martian IoT communication, demonstrating extensive coverage, sufficient satellite processing capacity for anticipated IoT node volumes, and effective data transmission in challenging interplanetary conditions. This establishes the framework’s viability for advancing Mars exploration and IoT in space exploration contexts.

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Section: Proposed Architecture For Mars Exploration With Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%