Essential Quality Parameters of Plasticizers

Langer, E.; Bortel, K.; Waśkiewicz, Sylwia; Lenartowicz-Klik, Marta

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-46200-6.00003-9

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Because of the plasticization process, new dipole–dipole interactions in the amorphous region of the polymer exterior occurs, extending to the crystalline spaces, lowering the potential energy and stabilizing the system. When two molecules move closer by attraction, the energy gradually decreases to a minimum and becomes stable (Godwin, 2017; Langer et al., 2020). The alkyl side group of the plasticizer generates free volume within the polymer, which lowers the glass transition temperature (Hiemenz & Lodge, 2007).…”

Section: Properties Of Phthalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine modulating chemicals in food packaging: A review of phthalates and bisphenols

Tumu

Vorst

Curtzwiler

2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Phthalates and bisphenol chemicals have been widely used globally in packaging materials and consumer products for several decades. These highly functional chemicals have become a concern due to their toxicity (i.e., endocrine/hormone modulators) and ability to migrate from food contact materials (FCMs) into food matrices and the environment resulting in human and environmental health risks. FCMs, composed of postconsumer materials, are particularly high risk for containing these compounds. The evaluation of postconsumer recycled feedstocks in FCMs is compulsory and selection of an appropriate detection method to comply with applicable regulations is necessary to evaluate human and environmental safety. Numerous regulations have been proposed and passed globally for both compound classes that are recognized as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the European Union. Several brand owners and retailers have also released their own “restricted substance lists” due to the mounting consumer and regulatory concerns. This review article has two goals: (1) discuss the utilization, toxicology, human exposure routes, and occurrence levels of phthalates and bisphenols in FCMs and associated legislation in various countries and (2) discuss critical understanding and updates for detection/quantification techniques. Current techniques discussed include extraction and sample preparation methods (solid‐phase microextraction [SPME], headspace SPME, Soxhlet procedure, ultrasound‐assisted extraction), chromatographic techniques (gas, liquid, detectors), and environmental/blank considerations for quantification. This review complements a previous review of phthalates in foods from 2009 by discussing phthalate and bisphenol characteristics, analytical methods of determining concentrations in packaging materials, and their influence on the migration potential into food.

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Section: Properties Of Phthalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of realized properties from these phthalates are discussed more in depth later in this article. If the plasticizer and the polymer do not attract each other, self‐association occurs in the plasticizer forming micropools resulting in plasticizer exudation (Langer et al., 2020).…”

Section: Properties Of Phthalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine modulating chemicals in food packaging: A review of phthalates and bisphenols

Tumu

Vorst

Curtzwiler

2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A RED < 1 was obtained for PF2 with both PC 71 BM and EH-IDTBR which indicates that PF2 has a high affinity for the two acceptors. In order to evaluate the miscibility between the tree materials, the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ) was estimated from the Hansen solubility parameters [46,52] (see Table S4) The miscibility is expected to be good when χ < 0 3 [53]. Here, good miscibility between the tree materials was obtained with χ of 0.11, 0.03, and 0.10 for PF2:PC 71 BM, PF2:EH-IDTBR, and PC 71 BM:EH-IDTBR, respectively.…”

Section: Fig 6 (15 Column) Photovoltaic Parameters Variation As a Fun...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-degradation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells using a fullerene or a non-fullerene derivative electron acceptor

Labiod

Ibraikulov

Seignon

et al. 2022

Organic Electronics

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CO2 separation by mixed matrix membranes incorporated with carbon nanotubes: a review of morphological, mechanical, thermal and transport properties

Flores

Gonçalves

Figueiredo

2021

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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Essential Quality Parameters of Plasticizers

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Endocrine modulating chemicals in food packaging: A review of phthalates and bisphenols

Endocrine modulating chemicals in food packaging: A review of phthalates and bisphenols

Photo-degradation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells using a fullerene or a non-fullerene derivative electron acceptor

CO2 separation by mixed matrix membranes incorporated with carbon nanotubes: a review of morphological, mechanical, thermal and transport properties

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