Essential public health functions

Fernando, Deepika; Gunawardena, Nalika; Weerasinghe, Charitha

doi:10.4038/jccpsl.v11i2.8255

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…A survey done to identify essential public health functions of field health staff in Sri Lanka, indicated that PHMM accept that health promotion is a function applicable to their work. However they have indicated that the concepts of health promotion were difficult to understand and their competencies were low in implementing health promotion programmes 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge on Health Promotion Approach among Public Health Midwives in a District in Sri Lanka

Perera

Guruge

Gunawardena

2015

J. Postgrad. Inst. Med.

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BackgroundThe Ottawa Charter defines Health Promotion as the 'process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health'. The National Health Promotion Policy recognizes health promotion as an efficient and cost effective approach to promote health in Sri Lanka. The Public Health Midwife (PHM) is the grass root level health worker responsible for promoting the health of communities in Sri Lanka. Their knowledge regarding health promotion has not been assessed. The main aim of this study was to describe their knowledge on health promotion and associated factors. Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among all PHMM (N=364) in the Kandy District who were eligible, using a self-administered questionnaire. Level of knowledge was based on scores obtained for responses to close ended questions and case scenarios. Results Knowledge on health promotion was 'poor' among 238 (65.4%). Incorrect labeling of other activities as activities using a health promotion approach was common 257(70.6%). Training programmes 285(73.9%) were the commonest source of knowledge while 95(26%) were never trained on health promotion approach during their career. The factors that were significantly associated with a level of 'good' knowledge on health promotion in multivariate analysis were; experience in the public health field less than 20 years (p=0.012), participating in training programmes on health promotion (p=0.03) and experience in implementing health promotion programmes (p=0.04). Conclusions The study concludes that PHMM in the Kandy District have a 'poor' level of knowledge on health promotion and recommends increasing training opportunities and improving opportunities for application to improve the situation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge on Health Promotion Approach among Public Health Midwives in a District in Sri Lanka

Perera

Guruge

Gunawardena

2015

J. Postgrad. Inst. Med.

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“…Note: The framework is based on The Public Health National Center for Innovation [4] and Pan-American Health Organization [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Digital Transformation of Public Health for Noncommunicable Diseases: Narrative Viewpoint of Challenges and Opportunities

Leal Neto,

Von Wyl

2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic underscored the effectiveness and rapid deployment of digital public health interventions, notably the digital proximity tracing apps, leveraging Bluetooth capabilities to trace and notify users about potential infection exposures. Backed by renowned organizations such as the World Health Organization and the European Union, digital proximity tracings showcased the promise of digital public health. As the world pivots from pandemic responses, it becomes imperative to address noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) that account for a vast majority of health care expenses and premature disability-adjusted life years lost. The narrative of digital transformation in the realm of NCD public health is distinct from infectious diseases. Public health, with its multifaceted approach from disciplines such as medicine, epidemiology, and psychology, focuses on promoting healthy living and choices through functions categorized as “Assessment,” “Policy Development,” “Resource Allocation,” “Assurance,” and “Access.” The power of artificial intelligence (AI) in this digital transformation is noteworthy. AI can automate repetitive tasks, facilitating health care providers to prioritize personal interactions, especially those that cannot be digitalized like emotional support. Moreover, AI presents tools for individuals to be proactive in their health management. However, the human touch remains irreplaceable; AI serves as a companion guiding through the health care landscape. Digital evolution, while revolutionary, poses its own set of challenges. Issues of equity and access are at the forefront. Vulnerable populations, whether due to economic constraints, geographical barriers, or digital illiteracy, face the threat of being marginalized further. This transformation mandates an inclusive strategy, focusing on not amplifying existing health disparities but eliminating them. Population-level digital interventions in NCD prevention demand societal agreement. Policies, like smoking bans or sugar taxes, though effective, might affect those not directly benefiting. Hence, all involved parties, from policy makers to the public, should have a balanced perspective on the advantages, risks, and expenses of these digital shifts. For a successful digital shift in public health, especially concerning NCDs, AI’s potential to enhance efficiency, effectiveness, user experience, and equity—the “quadruple aim”—is undeniable. However, it is vital that AI-driven initiatives in public health domains remain purposeful, offering improvements without compromising other objectives. The broader success of digital public health hinges on transparent benchmarks and criteria, ensuring maximum benefits without sidelining minorities or vulnerable groups. Especially in population-centric decisions, like resource allocation, AI’s ability to avoid bias is paramount. Therefore, the continuous involvement of stakeholders, including patients and minority groups, remains pivotal in the progression of AI-integrated digital public health.

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Quo vadis SANEPID? A cross-country analysis of public health reforms in 10 post-Soviet states

Maier

Martín-Moreno

2011

Health Policy

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Essential public health functions

Cited by 9 publications

References 60 publications

Knowledge on Health Promotion Approach among Public Health Midwives in a District in Sri Lanka

Knowledge on Health Promotion Approach among Public Health Midwives in a District in Sri Lanka

Digital Transformation of Public Health for Noncommunicable Diseases: Narrative Viewpoint of Challenges and Opportunities

Quo vadis SANEPID? A cross-country analysis of public health reforms in 10 post-Soviet states

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