Essential oils of Zingiber officinale: Chemical composition, in vivo alleviation effects on TPA induced ear swelling in mice and in vitro bioactivities

Abstract

Zingiber officinale (ZO) is a traditional food condiment. The essential oils of Z. officinale (ZOEOs) are known to have multiple bioactivities. In this study, gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method was used to identify active ingredient present in ZOEOs. A total of 41 compounds were identified in ZOEOs. Major components in ZOEOs were zingiberene (19.71%), (+)-β-cedrene (12.85%), farnesene (12.17%), α-curcumene (10.18%) and β-elemene (3.54%). Experimental results of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induced ear swelling validation mice model showed that ZOEOs treatment has better anti-inflammatory effect compared with ibuprofen (positive control) at high concentrations. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed that ZOEOs significantly decreased COX-2, IL-6 and NF-κB expression in a dose dependent manner. The mRNA levels of COX-2 and NF-κB were also down regulated by the application of ZOEOs. This indicated that ZOEOs exhibited positive effects in ear skin protection. Antibacterial experimental results showed that EOZOs had anti-bacterial effects on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. DPPH radical scavenging, A549 cell line and LNCaP cell line inhibition results indicated that ZOEOs exhibited potential antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. The findings of these study provide scientific basis on therapeutic use of ZO in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

Comprehensive quality evaluation of Lysimachia christinae Hance via fingerprint, spectrum–effect relationship, and quantitative analyses of multiple components by single marker

“…Reduction in xylene‐induced ear swelling in mice is a common indicator of the anti‐inflammatory effect that is often used to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effects of drugs 17,18 . LCH exhibits good anti‐inflammatory activity 19,20 .…”

“…Reduction in xylene-induced ear swelling in mice is a common indicator of the anti-inflammatory effect that is often used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs. 17,18 LCH exhibits good antiinflammatory activity. 19,20 As shown in Table 2, compared with the BC group, the PC, low-dose LCH (S1, S5, S8, and S13), and high-dose LCH groups (S1, S2, S3, S6, S7, S13, and S14) exhibited significantly low swelling rates.…”

Therapeutic Effect of N-Hexane Extract of Zingiber Officinale (Ginger Oil) on Loperamide Induced Constipation in Wistar Rats

“…The plant is widely used for variety of purposes. A review of the medicinal uses of ginger in health include blood pressure reduction (Hasani et al, 2019), as a potent antioxidant (Zhang et al, 2022), hepatoprotective effect (Chuljerm et al, 2018), prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and after chemotherapy (Palatty et al, 2013;Chrichton et al, 2019), prevention of neurodegenerative diseases (Arcusa et al, 2022), management of inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and Lupus erythematosus (Ballester et al, 2022), reduction in blood sugar levels (Hajimoosayi et al, 2020), as well as pain reducing effect (Rondanelli et al, 2020). One of the forms of ginger preparation is ginger oil.…”

Integrating Ethnobotany and Artificial intelligence to validate the potential bioactivity of Two Medicinal Plants Traditionally used in the treatment of influenza in IBI-Village and surrounding areas, Democratic Republic of the Congo

“…In this study, the major compounds of the essential oils from the seven most cited plants were selected and subjected to molecular docking analysis using enzyme RNA polymerase PB1-PB2 subunits from Influenza A Virus (PDB ID : 3A1G) as a molecular target (Sugiyama et al, 2009). These compounds are: Neral (C. citratus); Eugenol (O. gratissimum); Fenchone (T. riparia); Eucalyptol (E. globulus); (+)-Limonene (C. limon); 1, 8-Cineole (L. multiflora); and Zingiberene (Z. officinale) (Almas et al, 2021;Brügger et al, 2019;Joshi, 2013;Petretto et al, 2023;Zhang et al, 2022).…”