Essential oils in the management of the donkey louse, <i>Bovicola ocellatus</i>

Ellse, L.; Sands, Bryony; Burden, Faith; Wall, Richard

doi:10.1111/evj.12431

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Both preclinical and clinical studies considered in this review revealed promising ovicidal and pediculicidal activities for TTO against head and body lice. Several reports from laboratory and animal studies investigating TTO (1-20%) for the treatment of Bovicola ocellatus lice-infested donkeys [135][136][137][138] and Bovicola ovis lice-infested sheep [139,140] also showed promising efficacy with mortality rates in the range of 78-100%, verifying the findings from human studies. Three species of lice are known to parasitise humans: the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), the body louse (P. humanus humanus), and the crab or pubic louse (Pthirus pubis) [9,141].…”

Section: Insecticidal Activity Of Tto and Its Components Against Licesupporting

confidence: 64%

Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Ectoparasites are pathogens that can infect the skin and cause immense pain, discomfort, and disease. They are typically managed with insecticides. However, the fast-emerging antimicrobial resistance and the slow rate of development of new bio-actives combined with environmental and health concerns over the continued use of neurotoxic insecticides warrant newer and alternative methods of control. Tea tree oil (TTO), as an alternative agent, has shown remarkable promise against ectoparasites in recent studies. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to assess preclinical and clinical studies exploring the antiparasitic activity of TTO and its components against clinically significant ectoparasites, such as Demodex mites, scabies mites, house dust mites, lice, fleas, chiggers, and bed bugs. We systematically searched databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), Embase (Scopus), CENTRAL, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, and LILACS in any language from inception to April 04, 2022. Studies exploring the therapeutic activity of TTO and its components against the ectoparasites were eligible. We used the ToxRTool (Toxicological data reliability assessment) tool, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools, and the Jadad scale to assess the methodological qualities of preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) studies, non-randomised controlled trials (including cohort, case series, and case studies), and randomised controlled trials, respectively. Of 497 identified records, 71 studies were included in this systematic review, and most (66%) had high methodological quality. The findings of this review revealed the promising efficacy of TTO and its components against ectoparasites of medical importance. Most importantly, the compelling in vitro activity of TTO against ectoparasites noted in this review seems to have translated well into the clinical environment. The promising outcomes observed in clinical studies provide enough evidence to justify the use of TTO in the pharmacotherapy of ectoparasitic infections.

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Section: Insecticidal Activity Of Tto and Its Components Against Licesupporting

confidence: 64%

Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Independently of the botanical products investigated, the majority of the studies were focused on essential oils, that is, as already observed for other vectors as mosquitoes [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ] and ticks [ 25 , 26 , 29 ]. Essential oils were the formulation that provided the more interesting results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From these precursors, several synthetic insecticides and repellents have been developed in the last decades; used alone or in combination, they have contributed to the protection of humans and animals against insects and the related VBDs. However, the wide and unprejudiced use of these formulations have led to the loss of their effectiveness and the development of resistance phenomena [ 25 , 26 ]. Moreover, considering the restrictions on the use of some insecticides and repellents because of their effects on both animal and human health [ 27 ] as well as on the environment [ 28 ], the search for natural repellents as an alternative to chemical-based products has been pushed forward in the last years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, considering the restrictions on the use of some insecticides and repellents because of their effects on both animal and human health [ 27 ] as well as on the environment [ 28 ], the search for natural repellents as an alternative to chemical-based products has been pushed forward in the last years. This colossal turnaround, intended as a return to the use of plant-based products against arthropods, has brought about extensive research into ticks [ 25 , 26 , 29 ] and mosquitoes [ 13 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], while the use of plant-based products against sand flies has been less investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review

Pugliese

Gaglio

Passantino

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease transmitted to animals and humans by the bite of blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. These small insects play a crucial role in the diffusion of the disease. To date, the sole strategy recognized for the prevention of leishmaniosis is the use of topical repellent compounds against sand fly bites. Several synthetic insecticides and repellents have been developed; however, the wide and unprejudiced use of these formulations have led to the loss of their effectiveness and the development of resistance phenomena. Moreover, some of these synthetic repellents have severe detrimental effects on the environment and could represent a serious threat to both animal and human health. Recently, an increased interest in the research on alternative approaches to sand fly control has been expressed. In this study, we systematically reviewed the efforts of the scientific community to individuate a phytochemical alternative for the control of sand fly species recognized as vectors of Leishmania spp. Based on literature research using different electronic databases, a total of 527 potentially relevant studies were screened and narrowed down to a final 14 eligible scientific reports. Our analysis suggests that although there is a rapidly growing body of literature dedicated to botanical insecticides and repellents against sand fly vectors of Leishmania spp., much of this literature is limited to in vitro studies conducted in laboratory conditions, and only a few of them investigated the repellency of plant-based products. These studies highlighted that natural compounds display a really short period of action and this significantly limits the use of these products as an alternative to chemical-based repellents.

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“…Chewing lice may be removed with a topical application of cypermethrin, but in many donkeys lice have become resistant to permethrins (Elise and others 2012). In these cases, a topical 5 per cent tea tree oil product can be efficacious (eg, Equine Nit Nat [AgriEnt], which was developed in collaboration with the Donkey Sanctuary) (Elise and others 2016). Tea tree oil can be an irritant if used on broken skin and so it is best applied as a preventive measure.…”

Section: The Pruritic Donkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Guide to common skin disorders in donkeys

Thiemann¹,

Sullivan²

2021

In Practice

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Background: Although they are a minority equine species in the UK, donkeys are both much loved companion animals and conversely frequently neglected and suffer poor welfare. Skin disease is a common complaint and often presents at an advanced state due to a number of factors, including inadequate owner knowledge, infrequent checking and grooming, and a lack of concern for the welfare of the affected donkey, alongside donkey‐specific factors, such as a difference in hair coat from horses. Aim of the article: This article covers the main presenting signs that veterinary surgeons see in donkeys with skin disease, and offers guidance on diagnosis and treatment options.

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Essential oils in the management of the donkey louse, Bovicola ocellatus

Abstract: These results demonstrate that the inclusion of essential oil suspensions during grooming can be used to manage louse populations successfully.

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review

Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review

Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review

Guide to common skin disorders in donkeys

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