Essential Oils from Zingiber striolatum Diels Attenuate Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress through Regulation of MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Zingiber striolatum Diels (Z. striolatum), a widely popular vegetable in China, is famous for its medicinal and nutritional values. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil from Z. striolatum (EOZS) remain unclear. In this study, EOZS from seven regions in China were extracted and analyzed by GC–MS. LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated mice were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of EOZS. Results show that 116 compounds were identified in EOZS from seven locations. Samples 2, 4 and 5 showed the best capability on DPPH radical scavenging and NO inhibition. They also significantly reduced the production of ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokines, macrophage morphological changes, migration and phagocytic capability. Transcriptomics revealed MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways may be involved in the anti-inflammatory mechanism, and the predictions were proven by Western blotting. In TPA-induced mice, EOZS reduced the degree of ear swelling and local immune cell infiltration by blocking the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, which was consistent with the in vitro experimental results. Our research unveils the antioxidant capability and potential molecular mechanism of EOZS in regulating inflammatory response, and suggests the application of EOZS as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.

An Oxidative Stress-Related Gene Signature in Granulosa Cells Is Associated with Ovarian Aging

“…In our oxidative stress cell model, MAPK1 is upregulated following menadione-induced oxidative stress in KGN cells, confirming its involvement in oxidative stress. However, the addition of antioxidant NAC did not reverse this upregulation, indicating MAPK1 is an oxidative stress response regulator instead of a downstream effector, as implied by previous studies [28,29]. On the other hand, MAPK1 has been found to be involved in the process, in which 11 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity environmental enrichment prevented neuroplastic decline of the hippocampus during aging [31].…”

“…In this study, we identified six oxidative stress-related genes ( MAPK1 , STK24 , AREG , ATG7 , ANXA1 , and PON2 ) that are associated with ovarian aging and experimentally explored their expressions in the human GC cell line and mGCs ( Table 2 ). Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases, which mediate fundamental biological processes and cellular responses to external stress signals, including oxidative stress [ 28 ]. In an ischemia/reperfusion mouse model, protection against myocardial injury can occur through inhibiting oxidative stress by targeting MAPK1 [ 29 ].…”

Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharide Induces Apoptosis of B16 Melanoma Cells via Promoting the M1 Polarization of Macrophages

“…Drastic NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ content upregulation was observed in a dose-dependent manner ( Figure 5 A,B). As a secondary inflammation messenger, ROS are upregulated during the inflammatory response [ 30 ]. Compared with the untreated group, ROS levels in RAW 264.7 cells were increased after treatment with different concentrations of TFPS (1, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL) or LPS ( Figure 5 C,D).…”

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of zingiber striolatum (zingiberaceae) and a phylogenetic analysis

“…Z. striolatum has gained popularity due to its numerous functional qualities and therapeutic significance. More than 100 Z. striolatum-related patents are now registered with the China Intellectual Property Office, and the market potential is enormous.According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica, a famous Chinese medicine classic compiled by Shizhen Li in the 16th century", Z. striolatum was used to promote blood circulation, eliminate phlegm, alleviate coughing, and relieve swelling and pain (Huang et al, 2021). Zingiber species have identical leaf and other vegetative organ traits, making non-flowering stage species identification extremely challenging (Wu et al, 2016).…”

“…According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica, a famous Chinese medicine classic compiled by Shizhen Li in the 16th century", Z. striolatum was used to promote blood circulation, eliminate phlegm, alleviate coughing, and relieve swelling and pain (Huang et al, 2021). Zingiber species have identical leaf and other vegetative organ traits, making non-flowering stage species identification extremely challenging (Wu et al, 2016).…”