Essential Oils from Leaves of Virola calophylla, Virola multinervia, and Virola pavonis (Myristicaceae): Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity against Aedes aegypti

Essential Oil of the Plants Growing in the Brazilian Amazon: Chemical Composition, Antioxidants, and Biological Applications

“…multiflora (fresh leaves) Annonaceae HD spathulenol (13.00-16.20%), β-bisabolene (13.20-13.80%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.70-12.00%) [25] Copaifera multijuga (resin) Fabaceae Perforation in the trunk of the species (E)-caryophyllene (57.29%), caryophyllene oxide (10.34%) and α-humulene (9.11%) [26] Croton cajucara (leaves) Euphorbiaceae HD 7-hydroxycalamenene [27] Duguetia quitarensis (Aerial parts) Annonaceae HD 4-heptanol (33.80%), α-thujene (18.40%) and (E)-caryophyllene (14.40%) [24] Endlicheria arenosa (Leaves) Lauraceae HD bicyclogermacrene (42.20%) and (E)-caryophyllene (10.10%). [28] E. arenosa (Twigs) Lauraceae HD limonene (33.20%) and terpinen-4-ol (15.60%) [28] Ephedranthus amazonicus (Leaves) Annonaceae HD spathulenol (16.90%) and humulene epoxide II (16.30%) [23] Eugenia cuspidifolia (Dry leaves) Myrtaceae HD caryophyllene oxide (57.46%) and α-copaene (3.75%) [29] E. egensis (Aerial parts) Myrtaceae HD 5-hydroxy-(Z)-calamenene (35.80%), (E)-caryophyllene (8.90%) and (E)-cadina-1,4-diene (6.30%) [ V. pavonis (leaves) Myristicaceae HD β-selinene (60.50%) and (E)-caryophyllene (12.70%) [61] V. surinamensis (barks) Myristicaceae HD Aristolene (28.40 ± 5.03%), α-gurjunene (15.00 ± 3.17%) and valencene (14.10 ± 4.87%).…”

“…In species of the family Verbenaceae, the presence of oxygenated monoterpenes such as thymol (63.59–66.20%) was documented in Lippia thymoides essential oil [ 43 ]. In the species of Zingiberaceae, Siparunaceae, and Myristicaceae, sesquiterpenes are one of the main chemical classes in the chemical profile of the essential oil of some species, especially the compounds ( E )-caryophyllene (62.38%) [ 59 ], and β-selinene (60.50%) [ 61 ].…”

“…The essential oil of V. calophylla presented LC 50 = 179.6 μg/mL, followed by that of V. pavonis LC 50 = 185.1 μg/mL and V. multinervia LC 50 = 200.5 μg/mL. According to the authors, the essential oil of Virola had low larvicidal potential [ 61 ]. In contrast, the essential oil of Bauhinia ungulata (Fabaceae) presented high toxicity against Artemia salina Leach, with LC 50 = 144.75 µg mL −1 [ 21 ].…”

Extracto de Acacia farnesiana para el control de larva de Aedes aegypti

“…(Ghramh et al, 2018), Brunfelsia uniflora D. Don (Sugauara et al, 2020), Virola calophylla Warb, Virola multinervia Ducke, Virola pavonis (A.DC.) A.C.Sm (Da S. Mesquita et al, 2020), Piper longum L. (Dey et al, 2020), Carlina acaulis L. (Benelli et al, 2019), Piper betle L. (Vasantha-Srinivasan et al, 2017) y Pinus Kesya Royle ex Gordon (Govindarajan et al, 2016). 2019).…”